PAPER 2 - Skill Acquisition Flashcards
What are the 6 classification continua ?
- environment
- pacing
- organisation
- muscular involvement
- difficulty
- continuaty
What skills are in the environment continua ?
open / closed
What skills are in the pacing continua ?
self / external
What skills are in the organisation continua ?
high / low
What skills are in the muscular involvement continua ?
fine / gross
What skills are in the difficulty continua ?
simple / complex
What skills are in the continuity continua ?
discrete / serial / continuous
What is MASSED PRACTICE ?
practising continuously without a break
- simple and discrete
- experienced athletes
What is DISTRIBUTED PRACTICE ?
practising with breaks
- gives time to recover
- gives time for feedback
- complex
What is VARIABLE PRACTICE ?
repeating technique in many situations
- open
- externally paced
- improves understanding of technique
What is FIXED PRACTICE ?
repeating technique in one situation
- closed skills
- discrete
- low organisation
- improves motor programme
What is WHOLE PRACTICE ?
practising the whole skill
- high organisation
- discrete
- difficult for skills with sub-routines
What is PART PRACTICE ?
practising different parts of a skill then putting them together
- discrete
- high organisation
- self - paced
What is PROGRESSIVE PRACTICE ?
serial skills are broken down into their sub routines
- high organisation
- serial
- self paced
- develops confidence
What is WHOLE - PART - WHOLE PRACTICE ?
performer attempts whole skill then parts then whole
- high organisation
What are the 8 different types of practice ?
- massed
- distributed
- varied
- fixed
- whole
- part
- whole - part - whole
- progressive
What is POSITIVE TRANSFER ?
- when learning in one task enhanced by learning in another task
What is an example of POSITIVE TRANSFER ?
sprinter - bobslay
golf - cricket
What is NEGATIVE TRANSFER
- the learning of one skill is hindered by the learning of another
Give an example of NEGATIVE LEARNING
tennis - badminton
What is PROACTIVE TRANSFER ?
- when a skill learned previously is used to help one being currently learned
Give an example of PROACTIVE TRANSFER
basketball - netball (pass)
What is RETROACTIVE TRANSFER ?
- when a skill being learned interferes with a skill already learned
Give an example of RECTROACTIVE TRANSFER
when a netball player returns to netball after playing basketball, there may want to run with the ball
What is BILATERAL TRANSFER ?
- learning a skill on your non-dominant hand/foot
What is RECALL SCHEMA ?
- occurs before movement happens
- involves initial conditions and response specifications
What are INITIAL CONDITIONS ?
- Where is the (goal, opposition, team mate) ?
- What is the environment like ?
- What condition am I in ?
What are RESPONSE SPECIFICATIONS ?
- How fast do i need to go ? (SPEED)
- Where do i need to pass the ball ? (DIRECTION)
- How hard to i need to pass the ball ? (POWER)
- Which technique will produce the best results ? (TECHNIQUE)
What is RECOGNISION SCHEMA ?
- occurs during / after the skill
- allows the recognision of what needs to be improved
What are MOVEMENT OUTCOMES ?
- knowledge of results
- end result and comparison to intended outcome
What is SENSORY CONSEQUENCE ?
- knowledge of performance
- intrinsic and extrinsic feedback
