Paper 2 (pt 1) Flashcards
SMART principle
In the smart principle, what does each letter stand for and what does it mean?
Specific - focuses or linked to a sport
Measurable - be able to measure if you have achieved it
Achievable - be realistic and with the performers capability
Recorded - measurements should be logged and tracked
Timed - have a time limit to the goal
Skilful Movement
fluent
efficient
predetermined
aesthetic
co-ordinated
Skilful Movement Explanations 1
efficient - not wasting time or energy e.g. a swimmer using the perfect freestyle technique without wasting energy or time
fluent - skill is performed in one flowing movement e.g. a gymnast performing a cartwheel and backward walkover without stopping
Skilful movement explanations 2
predetermined - a skill has a clear objective or goal e.g. a dancer knows the dance routine before starting
aesthetic - a skill that looks good or pleasing to the eye e.g. a high board diver performing a double summersault to look good
co-ordinated - performed with control using limbs, senses and movements at the same time e.g. a tennis serve involves a throw, jump and hit at the same time
Feedback
intrinsic
extrinsic
knowledge of performance
knowledge of results
positive
negative
Extrinsic feedback
comes from external sources such as sound or vision
example: a netballer sees the ball go into the net and knows they have been successful
Knowledge of performance feedback
feedback about how well a skill or movement is executed
example: a coach in football telling their player that their shooting technique is incorrect
Knowledge of results feedback
feedback about the end result
Example: a coach in football telling their player that their shooting technique is incorrect
Positive feedback
gives information about successful outcomes
Example: a rugby coach praising a footballer for a good pass
Negative feedback
gives information about unsuccessful outcomes
Example: a tennis coach telling their player that their grip is incorrect
PEDs - impact on sport
clean athletes have their records questioned
creates bad publicity for the sport
creates a bad name for countries
drugs testing is expensive to carry out
PEDs - impact on performers
can receive bans and fines
stripped of medals and titles
lose sponsorship deals
become a bad role model
example - Lance Armstrong (cyclist)
Reasons for using PEDs
to improve physical function (strength or weight loss)
to improve psychological function (alertness or calm)
to win at all costs
the belief that others are doing it
the belief that they can get away with it
Why goal setting is important
adhere to exercise - can push people to stick with their exercise programme
motivate people - inspire or drive people to achieve their potential
optimise or improve performance - can lead to a higher level of performance
Types of goal setting
performance goal: concerned with technique such as toss the ball higher in a tennis serve
outcome goal: concerned with end result or winning such as a tennis serve landing in
Social benefits of physical activity
increase friendship groups - meeting new people
increases sense of belonging - feeling part of a team
socially active - more chance to meet socially
Physical benefits of physical activity
prevents injury - increases flexibility
decreases risk of heart disease - lowers blood fat
increases bone density - new bone growth
prevents obesity - lowers body fat
increases fitness and maintains good posture - strengthens core muscles and prevents lower back pain
Emotional benefits of physical activity
increases self esteem - release of endorphins
improves confidence - experiencing success
manages stress - endorphins will improve mood
provides a positive body image - happy with physique
Social consequences of no physical activity
small friendship group - lack of opportunities to develop new friendships
feeling isolated - not feeling part of a group
loneliness - lack of people to talk to and interact with
Physical consequences of no physical activity
increases risk injury - poor flexibility
increases risk of heart disease - higher blood fat
lower bone density - increase chance of fractures
leads to obesity - stored fat is high
poor fitness and posture - weak core muscles lead to lower back pain
Emotional consequences of no physical activity
decreases self esteem - poor body image
poor management of stress - lack of ways to release stress
negative body image - not liking the shape or size of your body
A motor skill
a skill that involved limb movement
a learned movement response can be open/ closed/ simple/ complex
Mechanical guidance
use of equipment e.g. a swimmer using a float
advantages:
reduces fear
increases safety
raises confidence
disadvantages:
unrealistic feeling
overreliance on the support
dangerous if incorrect
Manual guidance
Giving physical support e.g. a coach holding the legs of a gymnast doing a handstand
advantages:
reduces fear
increases safety
raises confidence
disadvantages:
unrealistic feeling
overreliance on the support
dangerous if incorrect
