Paper 2 A2 Flashcards
Mark release capture formula
N= Nm(1) x Nc(2) / Ncm(2)
Restriction enzymes
Enzymes that are specific to a gene to cut the gene at the recognition site creating sticky ends
Recognition site
A specific sequence of bases that are complimentary to the restriction endonuclease
DNA Ligase
Joins sticky ends by forming phosphodiester bonds
Reverse transcriptase
An enzyme that produces cDNA from mRNA
DNA probes
A complimentary sequence of single stranded DNA complimentary to the target sequence of DNA on a allele with a ‘marker’ attached e.g uv
DNA hybridisation
Breaking the hydrogen bonds between DNA strands allowing primers/probes to anneal
DNA primer
A complimentary sequence of DNA that attaches to the DNA strand allowing for polymerase to attach
Marker gene
A gene that has a specific characteristic e.g fluorescent showing that art has been taken up by the organism
or can inhibit function
Gel electrophoresis
A method of separating DNA fragments due to size and charge
Genetic fingerprinting
VNTR
STR
Plasmid
Sliding filament theory
Calcium ions cause for tropomyosin to release revealing the actin binding sites myosin head binds to the actin forming a cross bridge
The binding angle causes tension between the actin and the myosin filaments
ATP is hydrolysed by the enzyme ATPase changing the tertiary structure of the myosin head pulling the actin fibre into the centre of the sarcomere
Another ATP molecule binds to myosin head causing it to leave actin
