paper 2

Question 1

Personality

Answer 1

psychological characteristics which make an individual unique

Question 2

Attitude

Answer 2

predisposition for feelings or behaviours towards someone

Question 3

Motivation

Answer 3

direction and intensity of one’s effort

Question 4

Arousal

Answer 4

the degree of psychological readiness

*drive theory *inverted u theory *catastrophe theory

Question 5

Anxiety

Answer 5

negative feelings of worry or/and nervousness relating to arousal

Question 6

Aggression

Answer 6

Intent to harm outside of rules of sport

• frustration-aggression hypothesis *instinct theory
• SLT *Aggression cue hypothesis

Question 7

Weiner

Answer 7

Attribution

Perceived cause of success or failure (stable, unstable (neurotic), intrinsic and extrinsic

Question 8

Confidence

Answer 8

Belief that an individual has about their ability to be successful in sport

Question 9

Self-efficacy

Answer 9

Self-confidence we feel in a specific situation

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

Psychological state produced by perceived physiological and psychological forces acting on our sense of well-being

Question 11

Factors affecting confidence

Answer 11

Performance accomplishments
Vicarious experience
Verbal persuasion
Emotional arousal

Question 12

How are attitudes formed

Answer 12

Past experiences
Culture
Media
Education
Social learning
Social norms

Question 13

Girdano

Answer 13

Narrow band theory (Trait)

Type A - highly competitive, works fast, strong desire to succeed, likes control
Type B - lack of desire to succeed, low competitive, works slowly, does not like control

Question 14

Eysenck

Answer 14

Introvert - high sensitivity to RAS, works best with low arousal
Extrovert - low sensitivity to RAS, works best with high arousal

Question 15

In the Zone

Answer 15

FEARFIC

Focused
Effortless
Automate
Relaxed
Fun
In control
Confident

Question 16

Attribution retraining

Answer 16

Attribute success to stable, controllable and internal

Attribute failure to unstable, uncontrollable and external

Question 17

Cue-utilisation

Answer 17

• selective attention
• ignore irrelevant cues
• low arousal = wide
• high arousal = narrow
• at optimal arousal irrelevant cues are blocked
• over arousal = cues will be lost

Question 18

Zajonc

Answer 18

Social facilitation and social inhibition

• Home advantage
• Type of learner
• Type of skill
• Proximity
• Personality

Question 19

Faulty processes

Answer 19

MOTIVATION LOSSES
*learned helplessness
*lack of team cohesion
*injury
COORDINATION LOSSES
*poor team tactics
*poor communication
*Ringlemann effect

Question 20

Cohesion

AND

Successful teams

Answer 20

Festinger
total field of forces which act on members to remain in the group

• group integration = how individual members feel about the group as a whole
• individual attraction = how attracted the individuals are to the group

Sharing norms and values
Strong team identity
Friendship goal
Effective leadership
Lack of social loafers
Correct attribution

Question 21

need to achieve

need to avoid failure

Answer 21

• feedback *competitive *attribute success internally *self efficacy *approach
• dislike feedback *non-competitive *attributes success externally *lack of confidence