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Sport studies > paper 2 > Flashcards

paper 2 Flashcards

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Sports Trivia flashcards
1
Q

basic skill definition and example

A

few decisions
not genric to a sport

  • running
  • jumping
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2
Q

complex skill definition and example

A
  • decisions needed
  • lots of thinking
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3
Q

open skill definition and example

A

changing environment

  • a pass in football
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4
Q

closed skill definition and example

A

non changing environment

  • front crawl
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5
Q

self paced definition and example

A

started by you

badminton serve

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6
Q

externally paced definition and example

A

started by someone else

  • gun in 100m sprint
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7
Q

gross definition and example

A

big muscle groups

  • rugby tackle
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7
Q

fine definition and example

A

small muslce groups

-archer
- darts

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8
Q

ability

A

inherited, stable traits that determine an individual’s potential to learn or acquire a skill.

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9
Q

skill

A

A learned action/learned behavior

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10
Q

outcome goal definition and example

A

focusing on outcome/end result

-winning games
- winning the league

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11
Q

performance goal definition and example

A

Personal standards to be achieved. compared to you and past results not to others

  • amount of tackles/passes in football
  • improve techniques
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12
Q

what is SMART

A

specific - specific to your sport and position
measurable - able to be measured on a scale e.g number of goals
accepted - the performer has to believe in it
realistic - realistic achievable target to their ability level
time-bound - has time on it to monitor progress on a time scale e

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13
Q

positive/negative feedback

A

positive - what went well positive encouragement
negative - error correction and information on what is going wrong

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14
Q

intrinsic/extrinsic

A

intrinsic - comes from within the performer and what they think
extrinsic - feedback from others such as a coach or parent

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15
Q

knowledge of results/knowledge of performance

A

knowledge of result - if the skill was successful considering the result

knowledge of performance - if the skill was good concerned about technique

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16
Q

arousal

A

A physical and mental (physiological and psychological) state of alertness/readiness, varying
from deep sleep to intense excitement/alertness.

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17
Q

stress management techniques

A

deep breathing
mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery
positive self-talk.

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18
Q

direct aggression

A

physical contact
- rugby tackle
- boxing punch

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19
Q

indirect aggression

A

out on sporting objects to gain an advantage
-hitting tennis ball at high speed to hit past player
- hitting the ball at a high speed past goalkeeper

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20
Q

characteristics of an introvert

A

shy/quiet
thoughtful
enjoy being on their own.
Tend to play individual sports when:

concentration/precision (fine skill) is required
low arousal is required.

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21
Q

characteristics of an extrovert

A

enjoy interaction with others/sociable/aroused by others
enthusiastic/talkative
prone to boredom when isolated/by themselves.
Tend to play team sports when:

there is a fast pace
concentration may need to be low
gross skills are used.

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22
Q

reasons that affect participation

A

gender - males get more opportunities/ males sports get more exposure

race/religion/culture - fasting/ religion don’t allow it/ education over sport

age - as you get older it is harder

family/friends/peers - might not be in a sporty environment

disability. - might now allow to play certain sports due to physical disability

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23
Q

commercanlastion

A

To manage or exploit (an organisation, activity, etc) in a way designed to make a profit.

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24
Q

sponsorships types

A

financial
clothing and equipment, including footwear
facilities.

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25
Q

golden triangle

A

sponsors - pay sport/ money from media
sport paid by media and sponsors
media get to show sport and paid by sponsors

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26
Q

types of media

A

television
radio
the press
the internet
social media.
newspaper

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27
Q

performers and technology

A
  • better equipment
  • better training facilities
    -fewer injuries to see work load
  • better feed back
  • not affordable
    -continually accessed adding pressure
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28
Q

spectators and technology

A
  • better stadia
  • better coverage
  • accurate decision
  • increased ticket prices
  • ruins authenticity
29
Q

sport and technology

A
  • better feedback and analysis for coaches
  • exact timings 100m sprint
  • better equipment f1 cars
  • better surfaces of pitches

-unequal completion due to costs
-delays will waiting for decisions

30
Q

officials and technology

A
  • more help with decisions
  • better communication between refs
  • wrong decisions highlighted
    -over-reliant on it
  • only available at some levels of a sport
31
Q

sponsor and technology

A
  • increased visibility
    -bigger audience
    -more sponsorship opportunities s

-higher costs to make and hire

32
Q

etiqutte

A

A convention or unwritten rule in an activity. It is not an enforceable rule but it is usually
observed

  • shaking hands at end of game
  • congratulating oppent
33
Q

sportsmanship

A

Conforming to the rules, spirit, and etiquette of a sport

-kicking the ball out for an injured player
-acknowledging foul when you commit one

34
Q

gamesmanship

A

Attempting to gain an advantage by bending the rules to their limit (but not breaking them).

-slightly wasting time
- overdoing a foul
- appealing In some sports

35
Q

contract to compete

A

Unwritten agreement to follow and abide by the written and unwritten rules. Unwritten
agreement within sports where participants agree to do there best

36
Q

The advantages for the performer of taking PEDs

A

increased chances of success
fame
wealth
level playing field.

37
Q

The disadvantages for the performer of taking PEDs

A

cheating/immoral
associated health risks
fines
bans
reputational damage.

38
Q

The disadvantages to the sport/event of performers taking PEDs

A

reputation
credibility.
particaptaion

39
Q

Strategies employed to combat hooliganism/spectator behaviour

A

early kick-offs
all-seater stadia
segregation of fans
improved security
alcohol restrictions
travel restrictions/banning orders
education/promotional activity/campaigns and high profile endorsements.

40
Q

reasons for holagism

A

rivalries
hype
fuelled by alcohol/drugs
gang culture
frustration (eg at official’s decisions)
display of masculinity.

41
Q

The consequences of a sedentary lifestyle

A

weight gain/obesity
heart disease
hypertension
diabetes
poor sleep
poor self-esteem
lethargy.

42
Q

obesity

A

BMI of over 30

43
Q

input processing model

A

picked up uses senses
- more ex[rinced sports performer can use selective attention to only focus on the important thing such as not listing to the crowd in a football match

44
Q

decision-making processing model

A

using short-term memory to see where a teammate is
long term to think about simular past situations

45
Q

output processing model

A

carrying out movement decided

46
Q

feedback processing model

A

intrinsically - from within
extrinsic - from external sources

47
Q

processing model loop

A

feedback given will influence future descisions and inputs therefore over time improving sporting performance

48
Q

visual guidance pos and neg

A

seeing/mental photo/demonstration/videos

pos
-repeatable

Neg
-The demo needs to be of quality
-info overload

49
Q

verbal guidancephy

A

instructions/ coaching points

Pos
-clarity for performers

neg
- no mental photo
-confusion over language if its to complex
-info overload

50
Q

manual guidance

A

physical guiding/correct technique

Pos
-1/1 sessions
-better technique
- more confidence

Neg
-not good for groups
-permission

51
Q

mechanical guidance

A

use of objects/cones. rope

Pos
- fun for the performer
- may increase safety
-early experience with higher skills trampoline
-variety

Neg
-expensive avalaibtyl
- not sport-specific

52
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

drive from within
- enjoying something
- feel-good factor
- pride
- feeling healthier

53
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

from external sources

tangible - certificates trophies money medals
intangible - applause fame praise feedback

54
Q

diuretics

A

used to remove excess water and lose weight also mask other drugs

-jockey
- boxer weight category

cramps and dehydration

55
Q

blood doping

A

blood pulled out weeks before then put back to have more red blood cells so more oxygen to working muscles and less fatigue

  • long distance

-thickening of blood causing a heart attack

56
Q

beta-blockers

A

reduce heart rate and levels of airplane

-archery snooker darts

-nausea
- poor blood circulation

57
Q

anabolic agents

A

improve muscle strength mass and power and aid recovery of muscles

-sprinters bodybuilders weight lifters

-aggression
- liver and kidney damage

58
Q

stimulants

A

increase reaction time and alertness

-100m sprinters

heart issues
- addiction
-stroke

59
Q

narcotic analgesics

A

very strong painkillers

-athletes with injuries

-addiction
-loss of concentration
-low blood pressure
-to strong

60
Q

epo

A

increase red blood cell production

-long distance

  • thickening blood heart attack
61
Q

spectators positives

A

creation of atmosphere
home-field advantage (for home team/individuals).
revune

62
Q

spectators negatives

A

negative effect on performance as a result of increased pressure
potential for crowd trouble/hooliganism
safety costs/concerns
negative effect on participation numbers amongst younger performers.

63
Q

obesity consequences

A

cancer
heart disease/heart attacks
diabetes
high cholesterol.

mental
- depression
loss of confidence.

social
inability to socialize
inability to leave home.

64
Q

ectomorph

A

long distance
skinny
narrow hips and shoulders

65
Q

mesomorph

A

athletic
wide shoulder flat stomach
sprinter

66
Q

endomorph

A

wide hips narrow shoulders
prob in rugby

67
Q

metabolic rate

A

how much calories you burn at rest

68
Q

calorie intake

A

gender - men need more
age - growing teenagers need more
height - tall people need more cos they have longer bones
energy expenditure - the more you burn the more you need

69
Q

diet percentages

A

carbs 60-55
fats 25-30
protein 15-20

70
Q

Identify three negative effects that the media in sport has on performers.

A

Can increase the pressure to perform if the event/match is televised (1)
* Any mistakes made can become very public (
* Increased focus on their private life (1)
Training can be disrupted by carrying out media duties (1)
* Could be the subject of online / social media abuse (1)

71
Q
A

Sport studies (2 decks)

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