paper 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a vector

A

has magnitude and direction

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2
Q

what is a scalar

A

just a magnitude

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3
Q

what are vectors represented by

A

arrows and their length determine the vectors magnitude

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4
Q

what is a force

A

a push or pull acting on an object due to interaction with other objects

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5
Q

what is a non contact force

A

it is when the 2 objects do not have to be touching
2 types are electrostatic and gravitational attraction

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6
Q

what is a contact force

A

this is when the objects are physically touching
such as a normal contact force and friction

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7
Q

what is weight

A

the force exerted on mass by a gravitational field

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8
Q

what happens to a persons mass and weight when they are on different planets

A

their mass stays the same but their weight is different as a result of planets having different gravitational field strengths

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9
Q

what is the gravitational field strength of earth

A

9.8

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10
Q

where is the weight of an object considered to act

A

at the objects centre of mass

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11
Q

what is the resultant force

A

single force representing the sum of all forces acting on an objects

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12
Q

what is terminal velocity

A

this is when all the forces acting on an object are equal resulting in the object moving at a constant speed

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13
Q

what is work done

A

Work done is when energy is transferred from the object doing the work to another form
Work done against frictional forces causes a rise in temperature of the object

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14
Q

what is required to bend stretch or compress an object

A

To stretch, bend or compress an object, more than one force has to be applied
If a single force is applied to an object, it will just move in that direction

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15
Q

elastic deformation

A

The object returns to its original shape when the load has been removed

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16
Q

plastic deformation

A

The object does not return to its original shape when the load has been removed

17
Q

what is hookes law

A

The extension of an elastic object, such as a spring, is directly proportional to the force applied

18
Q

what is displacement

A

it is a vector that includes both distance and direction

19
Q

what is velocity

A

speed in a given direction
it is also a vector

20
Q

what happens to the velocity of an object if it is consistently moving in a circle

A

the velocity constantly changes
and a change in velocity is acceleration meaning that although it may not be speeding up it is accelerating as it is constantly changing direction

21
Q

displacement time graphs

A

Gradient is velocity
Sharper gradient means faster speed
Negative gradient is returning back to starting point
Horizontal line means stationary
Curved Line means that the velocity is changing
(acceleration)
If an object is accelerating, its speed can be
determined by drawing a tangent

22
Q

velocity time graphs

A

Gradient is acceleration
Sharper gradient means greater acceleration
Negative gradient is deceleration
Horizontal line means constant speed
0 Velocity means that it is stationary
Area under line = distance traveled
Curved Line means that the acceleration is changing

23
Q

Newtons first law

A

An object has a constant velocity unless acted on by a resultant force

24
Q

Newtons second law

A

The acceleration of an object is proportional to the resultant force acting on the object, and
inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

25
Q

what is inertia

A

The measure of how difficult it is to change the velocity of an object

26
Q

Newtons 3rd law

A

whenever 2 objects interact they exert forces that are opposite and equal

27
Q

what is stopping distance

A

thinking distance + breaking distance

28
Q

what is the relationship between speed and breaking distance

A

the faster the speed the longer the breaking distance will be

29
Q

what happens when a force is applied onto the breaks of a vehicle

A

Work is done by the brakes (by friction) onto the wheel
So the vehicle’s KE reduces
And the temperature of the brakes increase

30
Q

momentum

A

momentum is mass multiplied by velocity
and momentum is always conserved in an explosion or collision

31
Q
A