Paper 1: Section B - The Living World

Question 1

What are global scale ecosystems called?

Answer 1

Biomes

Question 2

Name a producer in a small pond?

Answer 2

Algae

Question 3

Name a consumer in a small pond?

Answer 3

water beetle

Question 4

Name a food chain in a small pond?

Answer 4

algae > water beetle > dragonfly

Question 5

Name a producer in Epping Forest?

Answer 5

177 species of mosses

Question 6

Name a primary consumer in Epping forest?

Answer 6

Beetles

Question 7

Name a secondary consumer in Epping forest?

Answer 7

Rabbit

Question 8

Name a tertiary consumer in Epping forest?

Answer 8

Fox

Question 9

Describe a food chain in Epping Forest?

Answer 9

shrubs > beetles > rabbit > fox

Question 10

Name 3 natural causes of change in ecosystems?

Answer 10

pathogen, adaptation, extreme weather

Question 11

Name 3 human causes of change in ecosystems?

Answer 11

Eutrophication, deforestation/new hedgerows
hunting

Question 12

What degrees are Tundra found at?

Answer 12

60-70 North

Question 13

What degrees are Tropical rainforests found at?

Answer 13

Equator
Capricorn/Cancer

Question 14

What degrees are polar found at?

Answer 14

poles

Question 15

Where are deserts found?

Answer 15

30 degrees N/s

Question 16

Why are tundra plants low growing?

Answer 16

Retain heat and moisture

Question 17

How much rain does a desert recieve?

Answer 17

250 mm

Question 18

How much of the Earth is tropical rainforest?

Answer 18

6% land

Question 19

How many species live in tropical rainforests?

Answer 19

More than half

Question 20

What are the temperatures in polar regions?

Answer 20

<-50 degrees

Question 21

How much medicine originates from tropical rainforests?

Answer 21

25%

Question 22

What does low pressure lead to?

Answer 22

high rainfall

Question 23

Are there distinct seasons in a tropical rainforest?

Answer 23

no it is hot and humid all year round

Question 24

Which biome has the highest biodiversity?

Answer 24

Tropical rainforests

Question 25

What is the iron-rich soil in tropical rainforests called?

Answer 25

infertile latosol

Question 26

Name the layers of the rainforest in order:

Answer 26

Forest floor, understory, canopy, emergent

Question 27

What is the average temperature in a tropical rainforest?

Answer 27

27 degrees

Question 28

What is the annual rainfall in a tropical rainforest?

Answer 28

>2000 mm rain

Question 29

What are the distinct biomes caused by?

Answer 29

Global atmospheric circulation

Question 30

What is the adaptation to latosol?

Answer 30

Shallow roots

Question 31

The nutrient cycle is...

Answer 31

interdependent

Question 32

What is the adaptation of epiphytes?

Answer 32

Grow as parasites to reach sun. Get nutrients from air

Question 33

What is the adaptation of buttress roots?

Answer 33

Shallow, stability and water distribution

Question 34

What is the adaptation of lianas?

Answer 34

Hang on trees to get sunlight

Question 35

What is the adaptation to heavy rainfall.

Answer 35

Smooth bark and drip tips so runs off

Question 36

Why do plants have wide leaves?

Answer 36

Maximise sunlight absorption

Question 37

Why are animals in rainforests adapted to be smaller?

Answer 37

Easier to move through dense vegetation

Question 38

How to animals adapt to climb in canopy?

Answer 38

Long and strong limbs

Question 39

How do animals hide from rainforest predators?

Answer 39

camoflage

Question 40

How do animals avoid being eaten in the rainforest?

Answer 40

Poisons and venoms

Question 41

Give 3 threats to biodiversity in tropical rainforests

Answer 41

deforestation, resource exploitation, climate change

Question 42

Don't forget about soil erosion

Answer 42

Leaching and climate change

Question 43

How much of the world's oxygen do rainforests produce?

Answer 43

28% oxygen

Question 44

How many anti-cancer plants have been found in rainforests?

Answer 44

2000

Question 45

How much fresh water comes from the Amazon basin?

Answer 45

20%

Question 46

How do rainforests provide employment?

Answer 46

construction, mining, tourism, farming, HEP

Question 47

What resources can be found in a rainforest?

Answer 47

timber, minerals, spices

Question 48

What is a debt reduction?

Answer 48

Reduced debt in return for rainforest that is protected.

Question 49

Name one international agreement

Answer 49

Hardwood forestry (FSC)

Question 50

What is the temperature in polar regions?

Answer 50

Below -50

Question 51

What is the temperature in tundra regions?

Answer 51

-20

Question 52

What are the winds in polar regions

Answer 52

strong

Question 53

Does the tundra have seasons?

Answer 53

Yes - brief warm summer

Question 54

What is the soil like in polar regions?

Answer 54

Permafrost covered in ice

Question 55

What is the soil like in tundra regions?

Answer 55

surface permafrost melting summer and causing waterlogging

Question 56

What plants grow in polar regions?

Answer 56

Few mosses and lichens on the fringes

Question 57

What are the plants in the tundra?

Answer 57

Low-growing flowering plants with adaptations.

Question 58

Name 2 adaptations of plants to cold environments:

Answer 58

low-growing small leathery leaves hairy stems - insulate

Question 59

Name 2 adaptations of polar bears to the polar?

Answer 59

Thich fur, foot pads

Question 60

Name adaptations of the Bearberry plant:

Answer 60

Thick stems small leathery leaves red berries

Question 61

How can technology reduce risk to cold environments?

Answer 61

trans-Alaskan pipeline raised, insulated, automatic shut-off

Question 62

How does governmental action reduce risk to cold environments?

Answer 62

Manage protected wilderness areas Antarctic Treaty

Question 63

How do conservation groups protect cold environments?

Answer 63

WWF to plan for sustainable future.