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History GCSE > Paper 1 Section A : Roaring 20s > Flashcards

Paper 1 Section A : Roaring 20s Flashcards

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1
Q

Who contributed to the industrial strength

A

Henry ford

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2
Q

What enabled Henry ford to contribute to economic boom

A

Mass production and standardisation which made the assembly line

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3
Q

How quickly did he make his cars

A

1 every 10 seconds

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4
Q

What did the price descend to at what time

A

1928 $295

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5
Q

How many more cars were there on the roads than in 1900

A

47996000

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6
Q

Where were his factories

A

Detroit

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7
Q

What were the price of the car compared to

A

3 months wages of a factory worker - lower class

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8
Q

By how much did the average wages increase by

A

11 %

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9
Q

How much did the average working week drop to

A

44.2 hours (8 hours a day) shifts equalling 24 hours

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10
Q

How many men were working in 1929 in one factory

A

81,000

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11
Q

In what year was the motor industry the biggest industry in America

A

1929

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12
Q

After how many years of opening how many cars were made a day

A

10 years 500 cars a day

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13
Q

What was the model t nicknamed

A

Tin Lizzie

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14
Q

When was ford founded

A

1903

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15
Q

How did ford increase housing

A

People could drive to suburbs and by cheaper homes further away from city centre

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16
Q

What was ford the first at

A

Making cars efficiently and quickly for cheap prices influencing other manufacturers and not for just making cars

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17
Q

How muhch did the average worker earn

A

$5

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18
Q

Give a quote from Henry ford

A

Can have any colour …. so long as it’s black

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19
Q

By standardisation what advantage did that cause

A

Having less skllled workers who cost less and were easy to find

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20
Q

What also did ford open

A

Profit sharing scheme

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21
Q

What were the 5 main entertainment chases

A 
Music
Radio
Books magazines cartoons
Movie and cinema 
Sport
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22
Q

Who were the main black American face in music

A

Bessie smith
Lois Armstrong
Duke Ellington

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23
Q

When and what did Lois Armstrong do

A

1925-1928

West end blues famous song

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24
Q

Who was duke Ellington

A 
'Americas greatest composer'
Soda fountain rag
Toured
Changed musical history 
Jazz and blues
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25
Q

Who was Bessie smith

A

‘Blues empress’
Downhearted blues
Sold 2000000 copies in one year

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26
Q

What was music in the 20’s considered as

A

Jazz age

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27
Q

Where did the music come from and what happened

A

Harlem renaissance
Black Americans - slaves migration north to south
Popular music from rural areas - countryside

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28
Q

What did elderly think of music

A

Corrupted young - racial views of black Americans - didn’t join in the fun in speakeasies

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29
Q

Who were jack Dempsey

George Herman Ruth and Henry Seagrave

A

Jack heavy weight champion
Henry - 1929 motor racer on golden arrow 231.44 mph
George - babe Ruth star of New York yankees baseball team - al Capone enjoyed baseball and favoured Boston Red Sox

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30
Q

What happened in schools due to sport

A

Opened sports to middle class allowing the sale of equipment in schools

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31
Q

What could people do with sport

A

Pay to watch it live

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32
Q

In what year how many homes had radios

A

1/2 of all homes

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33
Q

In one year 1921-22 how many radio stations were there created

A

508

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34
Q

On the radio what could be publicised

A

Adverts and the news and popular music

Sponsors and political views

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35
Q

What did critics say about the radio

A

It should be educational and enlightening

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36
Q

Canst famous systems for radio were therereaching nearly every nation

A

Columbia broadcast system

National broadcasting operation

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37
Q

Who was heard in every nation

A

Bing Crosby

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38
Q

Due to the radio becoming popular what occurred

A

Demand for mass production

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39
Q

Who were a big book selling company

A

Garner and noble

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40
Q

What sold in books and magazines

A

Sex

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41
Q

What was a great common boook written in the 1920’s and why was it so great

A 
Great gatsby 
Depicted upper class life
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42
Q

Who were the most famous cartoon characters

A

Winnie the Pooh

Bettie hoop

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43
Q

When did Mickey Mouse come about

A

1928

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44
Q

Who were famous authors

A

TS Elliot and Robert frost

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45
Q

In books what did they write about it here than sex

A

Ww1 experiences
Disillusionment
Sense of rebel

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46
Q

Who were famous movie producers

A

Hollywood

Metro Goldwyn mayor

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47
Q

What films were introduced

A

Talkie films

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48
Q

What was so significant about a dark auditorium

A

Enter a new world
Creates tension and anticipation - can’t see
Forget their troubles

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49
Q

Why did people go to the cinema

A

See the news - didn’t have tv’s

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50
Q

Who were famous actors

A

Clara bow
Charlie Chaplin
Buster Keaton

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51
Q

In what year how many cinemas were there

A

1928

17000 cinemas in USA

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52
Q

How many tickets were sold a week

A

Hundred million

Equivalent to present day

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53
Q

What was the original working hours fir a week and what did it drop to

A

47.4 to 44.2

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54
Q

Who were the three republican presidents in the 1920’s

A

Warren Harding 1921-23
Calvin Coolidge 23-29
Herbert Hoover 29-33

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55
Q

What did it encourage business men to make because f all the their policies

A

Profit

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56
Q

What are the four policies that were enforced by the republicans

A

Isolationism
Tarrifs
Taxes
Laissez faire

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57
Q

By isolationism what was the result

A

Countries lost money
No foreign comp
No foreign affairs
Didn’t join League of Nations

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58
Q

What did the taxes drop from and to

A

73% to 24%

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59
Q

What was the highest tariff and when was it enforced?

A

Fordney mccumber

1922

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60
Q

What did companies do more of

A

Competing between one another

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61
Q

What % of immigrant places were given to English and irish due to the ‘nationalities origin act’

A

85%

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62
Q

What was the emergency quota act and in what year

A

1921 if nationality was above 8% in America in 1910 you were accepted

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63
Q

When was the literacy test introduced for immigrants

A

1917

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64
Q

Where did immigrants sign in

A

Ellis island

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65
Q

How many immigrants were allaowed each year

A

1920

150000

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66
Q

What country was not accepted to be an immigrant and why also why is it ironic

A

Asians
Culture too different
Ironic ‘land of the free’

67
Q

From where in Europe did immigration stop by 1930

A

Southern and Eastern Europe

68
Q

How many innocent immigrants were arrested by the palmer raids

A

6000

69
Q

What were the palmer raids

A

Palmer had strong views against communism and left wing organisations - he was murdered which inspired organised attacks on immigrants main,y because they brought most if the ‘radical’ views

70
Q

What policy was doubted that then changed to stop immigrants

A

Open door policy

71
Q

Give an expmle on who contributed to the red scare

A

Lenin - poisoned views Bolshvic

72
Q

What were immigrants given

A

Menial jobs - child labour

73
Q

Between 1859-1914 hiw many immigrants were accepted

A

40 million

74
Q

How long did the red scare last

A

A year 1920-21

75
Q

By the end of ww1 what happened

A

There were lots of different nationalities - didn’t experience ‘melting pot’

76
Q

What religion was not allowed in America

A

Catholic and Jewish

77
Q

Who were the most predominant faces in organised crime

A

Sacco and Vanzetti

Al Capone

78
Q

When was s and v put in prison

A

23 august 1927 Charles town prison

79
Q

How were they executed

A

By electrocution

80
Q

Who was s and v judge who was predjudicec backed up by Jim Crow laws

A

Webster Thayer

81
Q

How was the judge for s and v prejudiced

A

107 out 168 saw the, elsewhere during crimes

82
Q

When were s and v arrested

A

1920

83
Q

Who did s and v use to commit crimes

A

Others like Celestino madeiros

84
Q

What tripe of immigrants were s and v

A

Italian

85
Q

How long did the disproven case take

A

6 years

86
Q

Why was the judge even more orejudice fptowards s and v

A

Height if red scare

87
Q

They were the master minds ( s and v ) giv some examples they were behind

A

24/12/1919 in Bridgwater - robbery

April 1920 in south Braintree
Stole $15000 car and murdered two men

88
Q

What were s and v jobs

A

Shoe maker and fish peddler - ordinary

89
Q

When did al c arrive and where

A

In Chicago on the run 1918

90
Q

What was al c nicknamed

A

Scar face - from car brawl in Coney Island

91
Q

Give some quotes from al c

A

‘Business man ‘
‘Don’t mistake my kindness for weakness’
‘If I break the law my customers…..are as guilty as I am’

92
Q

How many murdered had al c committed

A

500 murders between 1927-1929

93
Q

What had al c made that was taken by government to ge used by president Roosevelt limo

A

Bullet proof Cadillac 1932

94
Q

By 1929 what had al c done

A

Destroyed all gangs in Chicago - 300 murders

95
Q

What was st valentines massacre

A

Destroying bugs makes ran and gang - rival
Used false police car - inspected men and shot them - caught them off guard
Killed 6 men

96
Q

What was al c and what did he cause

A 
Best known gangster
Popular 
Loved baseball a and American football
High profile 
Caused collapse in government and order during progubition
97
Q

When and what and who was all c captured and imorosined

A

Elliot ness
1931
Tax income evasion

98
Q

What did al c suffer

A

Neurosyohillus

99
Q

What did al c control

A 
Speakeasies etc
Police 
Mayor 
Spy network
Albi
100
Q

How did dc Stephenson die and what did it cause

A

By conviction which inspired more klan activity - uprise in morale

101
Q

Who was dc Stephenson

A

Most successful klan leader
Grand dragon of Indiana klans and 22 other states
Had full control of whole of Indiana state
Very influential - helped elect governors on Maine Ohio and Louisiana 1924
Made the klan membership rise to 300000

102
Q

What were the membership sizes of he kkk and what was the percentage increase

A

1921 100,000
1923 5000000
1929 20000
5000% between 1920-1925

103
Q

What did dc Stephenson call the kkkk

A

Invisible empire

104
Q

Who made the kkk up

A

Poor and middle class members in the south and north of America - demonstrated and emphasised by Kathleen bee

105
Q

Give someone who was a kkk leader others than dc Stephenson

A

Hiram Wesley Evans

106
Q

With the kkk what did they do in 1926 and why

A

Marched down Pennsylvania Avenue (Washington DC) to demonstrate their popularity

107
Q

What was the typical kkk group like

A 
Symbol,was a burning cross 
Carried us flag
Radical ceremonies - rituals
Wore the same clothes
Followed a rule book kloran
Used secret codes klonversations
Met at night in rural areas
Membership was always changing 
Never recorded names
108
Q

What was significant about the membership size constantly changing

A

So outsiders couldn’t track who was a klan member or not because it was always changing

109
Q

How did the kkk grow

A

Immigration to city
Industrialisation
Anti-Catholicism

110
Q

What did they do to particular people and who were they

A

Lynched,castrated, burnt, tormented, abused , assaulted, branded, whipped

Jews
Catholics
Black 
Foreigners
Communists 
People disagreeing with their views
111
Q

What are the kkk

A

A white supremacist Protestant group

112
Q

What do the kkk state they are doing

A

On a moral crusade to protect americas values

113
Q

What did a man do to the kkk when they tormented him

A

Got a cigarette and blew it in their faces

114
Q

What sparked a rebirth in the kkk, when and when were they previously existing

A

1915 rebirth from a film supporting their views

Previously joined in 1861-1865

115
Q

What did the kkk have control over

A

Politicians

116
Q

Where did they influence the most

A

Small towns and rural cities

117
Q

What did they do with influential people

A

Get them to have senators as presidents and to influence their views - also destroy other campaigning nominee presidents so the people in charge favour the kkk e.g. Al smith who was catholic

118
Q

When was the kkk at its height of performance and popularity

A

1930 - broken on national stage

119
Q

When did women get the right to vote

A

1920

120
Q

At the end of ww1 what happened to women when men went to fight

A

Given opportunities to have jobs - replace the men because they were fighting

121
Q

In what year how many women had jobs and what percentage increase was this

A

1928 10,000,000 had jobs

24% more than in 1920

122
Q

What was the typical image for women who were young and middle class

A

Flapper

123
Q

What happened to women who were the elder generation

A

Looked down on the young

124
Q

What was more popular fir women the flapper or traditional

A

Traditional

125
Q

Who was given a main role in the talkie film and in what year

A

Gloria Swanson

1929 the trespasser

126
Q

Why did the prohibition fail

A

Not enough agents 1,500 in 1920 - low salaries

Size of boundaries to prevent alcohol coming into country

No one supported the law - contradicts americas history of supporting the law

127
Q

In terms of speakeasies and saloons what was the year there were more speakeasies than saloons in 1919 before the ban

A

1925

128
Q

Who transported alcohol

A

Bootleggers

129
Q

What were the supporters of the prohibition called

A

Dries

Anti saloon league

130
Q

Where was a common place alcohol came from

A

Canada

131
Q

What was the prohibition called

A

Volstead act 18th amendment

1920 January

132
Q

Which state never introduced the prohibition

A

Maryland

133
Q

How many tears did it take for the law for the prohibition to come into place

A

4

134
Q

When was the prohibition ratified

A

1933

135
Q

Why did they ratify the prohibition

A

Provided jobs
Raise tax
Free sources

136
Q

Give an alcohol that was dangerous

A

Soda pop moon - poisonous alcohol

Some were 100% alcohol

137
Q

What did speakeasies and home distilleries create

A

Moonshine

138
Q

How many illegal distilleries were captured in 1925

A

12.023

139
Q

Who ratified the prohibition

A

Roosevelt - 1 year of being president

140
Q

How many arerrest were made over illegal alcohol and who by

A

Einstein and smith

4,932

141
Q

Who were bribed to drink

A

Officials / police

142
Q

Why was the prohibition introduced

A

National mood a- damaged society

Practical - boosts supplies of grains - barley

Moral - wrong when fighting

Religious - sin against gods will

143
Q

Why was it morally wrong to drink

A

Everyone having a good time whilst ww1 in act - people dying and fighting

Breweries were run by German immigrants - seen as the enemy

In patriotic

144
Q

How much money did the sale of alcohol earn

A

$2 billion

145
Q

What did the prohibition increase

A

The rate of organised crime - want. To be the best / most successful illegal alcohol seller - earn the most

146
Q

What was the orohibition often called

A

Noble experiment

147
Q

How many gangland murders were there and who were the most iconic faces in crime over alcohol

A

130 - no arrests

Al Capone and bugs Moran

148
Q

What was a famous whisky at the time

A

Captain mc coy Scottish whisky

Real mc coy

149
Q

How many children smothered by drunk parents

A

300

150
Q

How much was the illegal business worth

A

$2000 million

151
Q

Who common,y made up the anti saloon club

A

The elderly

Devout christians

152
Q

What law affected African Americans

A

Jim Crow law

153
Q

What did the Jim Crow law emphasise

A

2 nd class citizens

Crow - animal like - scavenger behaviour

154
Q

What was the so called equality

A

Names they called one another - mr Mrs miss sir

First names or boy girl

155
Q

Who enforced segregation

A

Supreme Court

156
Q

What occurred in speakeasies where people realised they are similar and share the same interests

A

Harlem renaissance

157
Q

Give some people who were black celebs

A 
Jesse Owen (sprinter)
Josephine baker (dancer)
Lois Armstrong (singer)
158
Q

Why was the Jim Crow law introduced

A

During the please v Ferguson case 1896

159
Q

What was a popular fashion

A

Keeping up with the tonesses

160
Q

What was the typical thing everyone wanted - rags to riches

A

American dream

161
Q

How big were some loans

A

$8.5 billion

162
Q

When did the bank lend money to people

A

1926-29

163
Q

What is the cycle of prosperity

A

Demand for products
Increase in jobs
Excess money to spend on consumer goods

164
Q

What were the causes of the boom

A 
Ww1
Republican policies
Industrial strength
Henry Ford
Consumer goods and stocks and shares
Tariffs

History GCSE (5 decks)

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