Paper 1 Physical Landscapes Of The Uk

Question 1

Wetland creation helps to reduce the impacts of floods because

Answer 1

Wetlands habitats can store large quantities of flood water, reducing river height and flood risks

Question 2

Example of soft engineering for flood management are

Answer 2

Flood plain zoning
Afforestation (re planting trees)
Flood warning systems
Wetland creation

Question 3

Waterfalls are A result of physical processes they form because

Answer 3

As river flows over hard and soft rock the soft rock erodes through abrasion to form a ledge for depression

Question 4

Destructive waves are different from constructive waves because

Answer 4

Destructive waves plunged onto the beach Destructive waves are more frequent and have a week swash and strong backwash

Question 5

Floodplain zoning reduces Flood risk as

Answer 5

Buildings are built away from flood prone areas farming parks of nature reserves are created in flood prone areas which do not cause as much damage when flooded

Question 6

The velocity of a river changes on either side of a meander because

Answer 6

The fastest current can be found on the outside band of a meander

Question 7

Plunge pools are formed by

Answer 7

Hydraulic action and abrasion eroding the river bed over time to form a plunge pool

Question 8

Headlands and bays are formed by coastal erosion because

Answer 8

Of a discordant coastline softer rock is eroded to form bays while the hard rocks are left to form headlands

Question 9

Evidence of tourism alongside coastlines could include 

Answer 9

Campsites walking routes tourist information signs hotels and attractions like the sea life centre in Hunstanton

Question 10

Waterfalls retreat up a valley due to

Answer 10

The plunge pool undercutting the waterfall causing the overhang block to collapse leaving a gorge where the waterfall used to be

Question 11

Rock armour or riprap protect the coast as they

Answer 11

Absorb wave energy and reduce backwash protecting settlements behind the rock

Question 12

Mass movement in coastal landscapes include

Answer 12

Landslides
rotational slumping
soil creep

Question 13

One coat of differences in sediment size along a split would be

Answer 13

The Finer lighter material is carried further along the spit the heavier material is deposited first

Question 14

The mean can be worked out by

Answer 14

Adding the total amount together then dividing by the number of samples taken

Question 15

A forestation reduces flood risk because

Answer 15

The roots and leaves of trees reduce surface run-off which slows the lag time between rainfall and peak river discharge

Question 16

River transport material by four different processes these are 

Answer 16

Saltation
Suspension
Solution
Traction

Question 17

Contour lines show the height or relief of the land as they

Answer 17

Are closer together in steep landscapes showing that height changes in a short distance

Question 18

Groynes are a useful sea defence as they

Answer 18

Prevent longshore drift from removing sand from the beach the build up of sand reduces wave energy before it reaches cliffs or buildings

Question 19

The cross profile of a river changes downstream by

Answer 19

The river channel will become wider while the landscape will become flat with a gentle gradient

Question 20

A line of best fit can be drawn by

Answer 20

Trying to draw a line between an equal amount of data sets being above and below the line 

Question 21

Cracks in coastal cliff become caves and arches because

Answer 21

Hydraulic action and abrasion erode the crack until it travels through the headland creating an arch