Paper 1: Ionising Radiation Flashcards by Caitlin Davies | Brainscape

Q

Why are some elements radioactive?

A

Their nuclei are unstable

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Q

What is an alpha particle?

A

A helium nucleus

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Q

What is an alpha particle composed of?

A

2 protons
2 neutrons
(Charge of 2+)

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Q

Which particle is the heaviest that is emitted by unstable atoms?

A

Alpha particle

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Q

What is a beta particle?

A

An electron

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Q

What charge does a beta particle have?

A

-1

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Q

What is a gamma-ray?

A

A from of high energy electromagnetic radiation

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Q

His much mass/charge does a beta particle have?

A

0

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Q

How do alpha ,beta and gamma-rays ionise atoms?

A

Collide with them

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Q

What does it mean if an atom is ionised?

A

It looses electrons

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Q

How far will alpha particles travel in air?

A

5cm

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Q

How ionising are alpha particles?

A

Very

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Q

What can alpha particles be stopped by?

A

Paper

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Q

How far will beta particles travel in air?

A

A few metres

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Q

How ionising are beta particles?

A

Moderately

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Q

What can stop beta particles?

A

Aluminium 3mm thick

Q

How far will gamma-rays travel in air?

A

A few km

Q

How ionising are gamma rays?

A

Weakly

Q

What is needed to stop gamma rays?

A

Thick lead