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iGCSE Chemistry Paper 1 > Paper 1 inorganic chemistry > Flashcards

Paper 1 inorganic chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

word equation for reaction between alkali metals and water

A

alkali metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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2
Q

What is the solution of the reaction of an alkali metal with water

A

alkaline

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3
Q

trend in reactivity of alkali metals

A

more reactive down the group

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4
Q

product of lithium and air reaction

A

lithium oxide

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5
Q

product of sodium with air

A

mixture of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide

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6
Q

potassium and air product

A

potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide

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7
Q

what suggests they are all part of the same family based on their reactions with water

A

produce an alkaline solution, and hydrogen, as well as a metal hydroxide

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8
Q

why do alkali metals react similarly

A

all have one electron on the outer shell

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9
Q

trend in melting and boiling point down group 1

A

boiling and melting point decreases down the group and the relative atomic mass increases

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10
Q

why does boiling point decrease down group 1

A

more shells of electrons so weaker electrostatic attraction

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11
Q

trend of colour and atomic mass in halogens

A

colour gets darker at you go down the group and mass increases

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12
Q

trend of boiling point in halogens

A

boiling point increases down the group

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13
Q

state and colour of chlorine at rtp

A

green gas

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14
Q

state and colour of bromine at rtp

A

red-brown liquid

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15
Q

state and colour of iodine at rtp

A

dark grey crystalline solid

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16
Q

colour of bromine gas

A

orange

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17
Q

colour of iodine gas

A

purple

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18
Q

trend in reactivity of halogens

A

less reactive as you go down the group

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19
Q

what experiments prove that reactivity decreases down the group

A

reactions with hydrogen - fluorine reacts violently, chlorine reacts violently only when exposed to light, bromine only reacts when with a burning splint

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20
Q

word equation for halogen plus hydrogen reaction

A

hydrogen + halogen = hydrogen halide

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21
Q

which side of arrow are electrons in ionic half equation in reduction

A

left

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22
Q

which side of arrow are electrons in ionic half equation in oxidation

A

right

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23
Q

what happens to whatever gets displaced in halogen displacement

A

oxidation

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24
Q

what happens to whatever displaces the other one in halogen reactions

A

reduction

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25
Q

therefore what is trend in terms of oxidation and reduction with halogens

A

more reactive = reduced

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26
Q

what is the oxidising agent

A

whatever is being reduced

27
Q

what is the reducing agent

A

whatever is being oxidised

28
Q

colour of iodine solution

A

dark brown

29
Q

colour of bromine solution

A

orange

30
Q

colour of chlorine solution

A

pale green

31
Q

the colour of a solution after displacement reaction corresponds to the colour of what

A

the colour of solution of what has been displaced

32
Q

composition of air approximate percentages

A

nitrogen = 78
oxygen = 21
argon = 0.9
carbon dioxide = 0.04

33
Q

describe reaction of magnesium and oxygen

A

burns with bright white flame
produces white powder
alkaline when dissolved in water

34
Q

describe the reaction of hydrogen with oxygen

A

explosive
orange/yellow flame
produces only water

35
Q

describe the reaction of sulphur and oxygen

A

pale blue flame
produces sulphur dioxide
acidic when dissolves in water

36
Q

general word equation for thermal decomposition of metal carbonates

A

metal carbonate = metal oxide + carbon dioxide

37
Q

metal and acid reaction equation

A

metal + acid = salt + hydrogen (MASH)

38
Q

metal and water reaction

A

metal + water = metal hydroxide + hydrogen

39
Q

what do you use instead of water when dealing with a less reactive metal and which metals

A

steam

magnesium, zinc, iron

40
Q

which metal wont react with water or steam

A

copper

41
Q

what type of salt is produced from hydrochloric acid

A

chloride salts

42
Q

what type of salt is produced from sulphuric acid

A

sulphate salts

43
Q

reactivity series

A 
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead 
Hydrogen
Copper 
Silver 
Gold
44
Q

what things must be present for rusting to occur

A

oxygen and water

45
Q

what type of reaction is rusting

A

corrosion

46
Q

chemical equation for rusting

A

iron + oxygen (+water) = hydrated iron (III) oxide

47
Q

which are the only two things that rust

A

iron and steel (because it is an alloy of iron)

48
Q

suggest some barrier methods of rust prevention

A

painting, oiling (lubricating), greasing, coating with plastic or a less reactive metal to prevent oxygen entering

49
Q

what is the sacrificial method of protection from rust

A

adding blocks of zinc or magnesium to surface, which will react with oxygen

50
Q

what is the method of galvanising

A

coating in zinc layer

51
Q

what colour is methyl orange in acid/alkali

A

red/orange in acid, yellow in alkali

52
Q

what colour is phenolphthalein in acid/alkali

A

colourless in acid, pink/red in alkali

53
Q

metal oxide and acid reaction equation

A

metal oxide + acid = salt + water

54
Q

metal hydroxide and acid reaction equation

A

metal hydroxide + acid = salt + water

55
Q

acid and ammonia reaction equation

A

acid + ammonia = ammonium salt

56
Q

difference between ammonia and ammonium

A

ammonium is NH4+ and ammonia is NH3+ and ammonia is usually a gas

57
Q

acid and base reaction equation

A

acid + base = salt + water

58
Q

acid and metal reaction equation

A

acid + metal = salt + hydrogen

59
Q

acid and metal carbonate reaction equation

A

acid + metal carbonate = salt + water + carbon dioxide

60
Q

acid definition

A

a substance containing H+ hydrogen ions which donate protons and have a pH less than 7

61
Q

base definition

A

a substance containing OH- hydroxide ions and are proton acceptors (receive protons), pH greater than 7

62
Q

difference between base and alkali

A

alkalis are soluble bases

63
Q

Equation for metal and steam reaction

A

Metal + steam = metal oxide + hydrogen

iGCSE Chemistry Paper 1 (3 decks)

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