PAPER 1 - Energy for Exercise Flashcards
What is ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ?
a high-energy compound which is the only immediately available SOURCE OF ENERGY for MUSCULAR CONTRACTION
What at ATPase ?
an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of ATP
What is an EXOTHERMIC REACTION ?
a reaction that releases energy
What is ADENSONE DIPHOSPHATE ?
a compound formed by the REMOVAL of a PHOSPHATE BOND from ATP
What is an ENDOTHERMIC REACTION ?
a chemical reaction which absorbs energy
What is CREATINE KINASE ?
an enzyme which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of PHOSPHOCREATINE
What is a COUPLED REACTION ?
where the products of one reaction are used in another reaction
What are the 3 energy systems ?
- ATP-PC system
- glycolytic system
- aerobic system
What is PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE (PFK)
an ENZYME which catalyses the BREAKDOWN of GLUCOSE (glycolysis)
What is the full name of the enzyme PFK ?
PHOSPHO - FRUCTO - KINASE
What is ANAEROBIC GLYCOLYSIS ?
the partial breakdown of glucose into PYRUVIC ACID
What is LACTATE DEHYGROGENASE (LDH) ?
an ENZYME which catalyses the CONVERSION of PYRUVIC ACID into LACTIC ACID
What is the full name of the enzyme LDH ?
LACTATE DE - HYDRO - GENASE
ATP-PC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION
anaerobic
ATP-PC SYSTEM : SITE
sarcoplasm
ATP-PC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL
phosphocreatine
ATP-PC SYSTEM : ENZYMES
creatine kinase
ATP-PC SYSTEM : ATP YIELD
1 : 1
ATP-PC SYSTEM : STAGES
PC –> P + C + energy (EXOTHERMIC)
energy + P + ADP (ENDOTHERMIC)
ATP-PC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS
none
ATP-PC SYSTEM : INTENSITY
very high intensity
ATP-PC SYSTEM : DURATION
2 - 10 secs
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : TYPE OF REACTION
anaerobic
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : SITE
sarcoplasm
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : FOOD FUEL USED
glycogen / glucose
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : ENZYME
PFK and LDH
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : YIELD
1 : 2
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : STAGES
anaerobic glycolysis: glycogen -> glucose -> pyruvic acid + energy
lactate pathway: pyruvic acid -> lactic acid
energy + 2P + 2ADP -> 2ATP (ENDOTHERMIC)
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : BY-PRODUCTS
lactic acid
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : INTENSITY
high intensity
GLYCOLYTIC SYSTEM : DURATION
10s - 3min (peak at 1min)
What is the KREB’S CYCLE ?
the SECOND STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 2 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA MATRIX
What is the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN (ETC) ?
the THIRD STAGE of the aerobic system producing energy to RESYNTHESISE 34 ATP in the MITOCHONDRIA CRISTAE
