paper 1-attachment Flashcards
what is the definition of attachment
an emotional bond/tie between two people, usually a cargiver and a child
relatioship is reciporcal (shared) meaning two way
what is infancy
period of child’s life before speech begins
what is infancy
period of child’s life before speech begins
what are the two types of caregiver infant interactions
respiratory
interactional synchrony
respiratory
word repirocal means two way
infant responds to actions of another peron in turn taking
actions of one person elics actions from another
babies have periodic ‘alert phases’ signal making eye contact that they are ready for interaction
mothers pick up on their alertness around 2 thirds of the time
3 months, respiratory increases in frequency infant and caregiver pay increasing attention
lays strong foundations for attachments later
Brazelton et al describes respiratory as a dance, tow people dancing together in rhymed with each other like respiratory infant and caregiver interact between each other back and fourth
respiratory
word reciprocal means two way
infant responds to actions of another person in turn taking
actions of one person relics actions from another
babies have periodic ‘alert phases’ signal making eye contact that they are ready for interaction
mothers pick up on their alertness around 2 thirds of the time
3 months, respiratory increases in frequency infant and caregiver pay increasing attention
lays strong foundations for attachments later
Brazelton et al describes respiratory as a dance, tow people dancing together in rhymed with each other like respiratory infant and caregiver interact between each other back and fourth
respiratory
word reciprocal means two way
infant responds to actions of another person in turn taking
actions of one person relics actions from another
babies have periodic ‘alert phases’ signal making eye contact that they are ready for interaction
mothers pick up on their alertness around 2 thirds of the time
3 months, respiratory increases in frequency infant and caregiver pay increasing attention
lays strong foundations for attachments later
Brazelton et al describes respiratory as a dance, tow people dancing together in rhymed with each other like respiratory infant and caregiver interact between each other back and fourth
meltzoff and moore
aim-to observe interactional synchrony on infants as young as two weeks old
method-controlled observation
adult displayed 3 different facial expressions and one hand gesture
studies behaviour of Reponses in infants
babies response filmed and labelled
results-clear association between hand gesture and facial expressions
found same findings in three year old infants
conclusion-interactional synchrony is innate
tronkins still face experiment
mother begins interacting with baby/full attention
mother then turns away and stops interacting with baby
baby gets stressed and does anything to get attention e.g. grabbing, creaming etc
mother stops after 2 mins and turns back
baby goes back to being happy again
shows importance of babies attachment to a mother/how reliant they are to there mothers
ao3 points of caregiver infant interactions
strength-filmed in laboratory’s
weakness-difficult in explaining behaviour from infants perspective
weakness-doesn’t tell us the purpose of respiratory and interactional synchrony
role of the father
traditionally-mother stay at home
father goes to work
some researchers say men not equipped to form an attachment
lack of oestrogen explains why men unable to form a close attachment
some argue father takes on playmate role
some argue fathers demonstrate sensitive responsiveness and can therefore form strong emotional tie/bond
Grossman et al
longitudinal study
babies attachment studies till teenagers
researchers ,looked at parents behaviour and its relationship to quality if their babies later attachment to other people
quality of abys attachment to mothers=adolescence
suggests attachment to fathers less important then to mothers
however, Grossman found quality of fathers play with babies also related to quality of absolence attachments
suggests fathers have more of role of playmate and stimulation and less to do with emotional development
Pederson
found more actively involved a 6 month old baby had been to father, high baby scored on infant development scales
lamb
said characteristics of a father such as masculinity and intellect much less important then quality of relationship
fathers as primary caregivers
suggests when fathers take on role of being main caregiver they adopt behaviours which have in past been associated with mothers. field filmed 4 moth old babies in face to face interactions
found primary caregiver interactions spent more time smiling and imitating and holding infants then secondary caregiver fathers.
