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Mock Questions - Anatomy and Physiology for Exercise Fitness and Health > Paper 1 - 50 Questions > Flashcards

Paper 1 - 50 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which type of posture may occur during pregnancy due to the weight of the baby pulling the mother’s center of gravity forward?

A

Lordosis

Lordosis is the inward curve of the lumbar spine (just above the buttocks).

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2
Q

Following a normal delivery during childbirth, what is the minimum amount of time recommended before returning to exercise?

A

6 weeks

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3
Q

Which bone(s) form(s) part of the pelvic girdle?

A

Pubis

The Pubis - either of a pair of bones forming the two sides of the pelvis.

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4
Q

What is the name of the air sacs in the lungs where gaseous exchange occurs?

A

Alveoli
The alveoli are where the lungs and the blood exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide during the process of breathing in and breathing out.

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5
Q

Which movement is possible at the knee joint?

A

Extension
Leg-extension meaning - The quadriceps (thigh muscles) are exerted to straighten the knee while acting against resistance applied to the lower shin.

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6
Q

Which body system has the main role of sensing, responding and analysing changes to its environment?

A

The nervous system
The nervous system is a complex network of nerves and cells that carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord to various parts of the body.

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7
Q

Which type of bone is the femur?

A

A long bone

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8
Q

Where are the lungs positioned?

A

The thoracic cavity

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9
Q

What is the name given to the muscle that relaxes when the prime mover contracts?

A

The antagonist
The muscle that is contracting is called the agonist and the muscle that is relaxing or lengthening is called the antagonist.

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10
Q

What is a function of the lungs?

A

To remove carbon dioxide from the body
Other:
Gas Exchange – oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Breathing – movement of air.
Sound Production.
Olfactory Assistance – sense of smell.
Protection – from dust and microbes entering body through mucus production, cilia, and coughing

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11
Q

What joint action occurs when the deltoids contract concentrically?

A

Abduction
Abduction refers to your body part moving away from the midline of your body, adduction is coming towards the midline of your body

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12
Q

Which energy system would be used primarily during a 400 metre sprint?

A

Lactate system
The lactic acid system is an anaerobic ener- gy system in which the high-energy compound adenosintriphosphate (ATP) is manufactured from the breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid in the muscle cells.

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13
Q

What is a myofilament?

A

Myosin
Myofilaments are the two protein filaments of myofibrils in muscle cells. The two proteins are myosin and actin and are the contractile proteins involved in muscle contraction.

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14
Q

Which statement is true of slow twitch muscle fibres?

A

They use the aerobic energy system

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15
Q

Which muscle is the prime mover during knee flexion?

A

Hamstrings

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16
Q

How many vertebrae form the thoracic spine?

A

12

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17
Q

What is a characteristic of smooth muscle?

A

It is involuntary

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18
Q

What principle is being described when stating that a nerve impulse will innervate all the muscle fibres within a motor unit?

A

The ‘all or none law’

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19
Q

Where does blood flow to after leaving the left ventricle?

A

Aorta

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20
Q

What are the main muscles involved in breathing?

A

Diaphragm and intercostals

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21
Q

Where are the pectoralis major muscles located?

A

The chest

22
Q

Which energy system uses fat, carbohydrate and oxygen in the production of adenosine triphosphate?

A

Aerobic system

23
Q

Which of the following is a component of motor fitness enhanced by exercise?

A

Coordination

24
Q

Which of the following is a structure of the respiratory system which air will pass through during inhalation?

A

The pharynx
The pharynx, commonly called the throat, is a passageway that extends from the base of the skull to the level of the sixth cervical vertebra.

25
Q

Which vital organ is protected by the cranium or skull?

A

The brain

26
Q

Which muscle is located at the front of the upper arm?

A

Biceps

27
Q

How many curves are there in a healthy adult spine?

A

Four

28
Q

Which movement is possible at a ball and socket joint?

A

Adduction

29
Q

What age range represents that at which bones will be fully formed and no further growth is possible?

A

25-30 years

30
Q

Which organ pumps oxygenated blood and nutrients to the tissues of the body?

A

Heart

31
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue surrounding the whole muscle?

A

Epimysium - a sheath of fibrous elastic tissue surrounding a muscle.

32
Q

Which muscle runs underneath the pelvis and helps to prevent stress incontinence?

A

The pelvic floor

Your pelvic floor is a group of muscles found in the floor (the base) of your pelvis (the bottom of your torso)

33
Q

Which of the following muscles crosses the posterior hip joint?

A

Gluteus maximus

34
Q

How would a blood pressure reading of 132/86 be classified?

A

High normal

35
Q

Which of the following forms part of the pulmonary circulatory system?

A

Right ventricle

36
Q

Which of the following forms part of the appendicular skeleton?

A

Ilium - the large broad bone forming the upper part of each half of the pelvis.

37
Q

Which type of bone are the tarsals?

A

Short

38
Q

What type of muscle are the hamstrings?

A

Voluntary

39
Q

Which of the following defines blood pressure?

A

The measure of force the blood applies to the artery walls as it flows through them

40
Q

How many chambers are there in the heart?

A

Four

41
Q

What reading represents optimal diastolic blood pressure?

A

80 mmHg

42
Q

What type of synovial joint is the shoulder joint?

A

Ball and socket

43
Q

Which blood vessels carry blood at high pressure?

A

Arteries

44
Q

Which type of joint offers the greatest potential for movement?

A

Synovium (also called the synovial membrane) is a specialized connective soft-tissue membrane that lines the inner surface of synovial joint capsules.

45
Q

Where is the heart positioned?

A

Behind the sternum, just left of centre

46
Q

When a muscle contracts without changing length it is undergoing which type of contraction?

A

Isometric

47
Q

What is the name of the structure that attaches muscle to bone across a synovial joint?

A

Tendon

A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which attaches muscle to bone.

48
Q

What is the name given to the two ends of the long bones?

A

Epiphysis - the end part of a long bone, initially growing separately from the shaft.

49
Q

At which joint would circumduction occur?

A

Shoulder
Circumduction is the orderly combination of shoulder movements so that the hand traces a circle and the arm traces a cone.

50
Q

Which of the following bones form part of the axial skeleton?

A

Ribs

Mock Questions - Anatomy and Physiology for Exercise Fitness and Health (7 decks)

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