Pantothenic Acid (B5) Flashcards
what are the structural components of coenzyme A?
beta-mercaptethylamine tail, pantothenate (B5) ,and adenosine 3,5-bisphosphate (ATP)
what is the metabolically active form (coenzyme) of pantothenic acid (B5)?
coenzyme A
what is the major source of CoA-Biotin in almost all foods?
- Coenzyme A
- found in animals (meats), also whole grains
what three structures are required for the synthesis of coenzyme A (CoA)?
pantothenic acid, cysteine, and ATP
what three structures inhibit the synthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA)?
acetyl CoA, malonyl CoA, and propionyl CoA
what are the functions and mechanisms of action of Pantothenic acid?
- component of CoA (nutrient metabolism)
- acetylation of proteins, sugars and drugs
- acts as 4’-phosphopantetheine of the prosthetic group for acyl carrier proteins (ACP) and in fatty acid synthesis
what is the active site of Coenzyme A (CoA)?
SH
what is the simplest form of CoA?
Acetyl CoA
what physiological processes is pantothenic acid involved in?
- fatty acid metabolism/synthesis
- TCA cycle (acetyl-CoA)
- steroid hormone synthesis
what are pantothenic acids’ key enzymes?
- pantothenate synthetase
- phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase
- ACP-Acyl carrier protein
- holoACP
what are common pantothenic acid deficiency’s?
- burning feet syndrome
- fatigue (malnutrition)
where is pantothenic acids’ free form absorbed?
small intestine, jejunum
__________ holds the central position in energy transformation for carbohydrate, lipid, and fat metabolism
Acetyl CoA
_____ of proteins are most common posttranslational modifications
acetylation
what is the function of acetylation in posttranslational modifications?
amino-terminal, prolongs half-life for delaying the degradation of proteins; internal acetylation (stabilize microtubules)
