Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI II Exam 2 > Pancreatic Patient > Flashcards

Pancreatic Patient Flashcards

1
Q

Differentials to consider for RUQ/Epigastric Pain

A
  1. Gallbladder Disease
  2. Hepatits
  3. Pancreatitis
  4. PUD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the process that occurs in acute pancreatitis

A

Activation of digestive enzymes, kinases, and inflammatory markers leads to auto digestion of the pancreas.
Results in SAPONIFICATION that leads to hypocalcemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

2 most common causes of acute pancreatitis

A

Biliary Tract stones

Heavy alcohol use

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Other less common causes of acute pancreatitis

A

Trauma
Medications
Infectious agents (mumps, CMV)
Autoimmune issues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a common chief complaint from patient’s presenting with acute pancreatitis?

A

Constant, boring pain that goes straight through them to their back.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

PE findings of acute pancreatitis

A

Cullen/Gray Turner Sign (ecchymosis)
Chvostek and Trousseau signs (hypocalcemia)
ARDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diagnostic criteria for acute pancreatitis

A

2/3

  1. Epigastric pain
  2. 3xULN for Lipase (and amylase)
  3. CT changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What would be seen on a CMP in a patient with acute pancreatitis?

A 
Hyperglycemia
Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased BUN
Elevated Creatinine
Elevated ALT 
Hypocalcemia
"Harry Herbert's manBUN Created ALTernative Calcium"
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 2 XR signs indicative of acute pancreatitis?

A

Sentinal Loop- air-filled SI in LLQ

Colon cutoff sign- gas filled Transverse colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the first line treatment for acute pancreatitis

A

Fluid Resuscitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Complications associated with acute pancreatitis

A
  1. 3rd spacing fluid leaks
  2. Pre-renal azotemia (most common form of kidney failure in hospitalized patients)
  3. Pleural Effusion
    * Dry intravascularly but edema everywhere else; why you need to treat fluids first
  4. Pseudocysts
  5. ARDS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ranson Critera for acute pancreatitis severity upon admission

A 
"GA-LAW": 3 or more= severe course with necrosis in 60-80% of patients 
Glucose>100 
Age>55
LDH>350
AST>250
WBC>16,000
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ranson Criteria for acute pancreatitis severity 48hrs after admission

A 
"C & HOBBS"
Calcium <8
Hct drop >10%
O2 (PaO2) <60mmHg
Base deficit >4
BUN increase >5
Sequestration of fluid >6L
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

BISAP score for acute pancreatitis at or within 24 hrs of admission

A 
Bun>25mg/dL
Impaired Mental status
SIRS: >2 of 4 
Age >60 
Pleural Effusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

APACHE II score

A

Just know higher the score the higher the mortality rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a sign of infected pancreatic necrosis and what are common organisms to cause it?

A

Emphysematous Pancreatitis

  1. C. Perfringens
  2. E. Aerogenes
  3. E. Faecalis
    * Don’t think we need to memorize those but good to know
17
Q

Describe Chvostek Sign

A

twitching of facial muscles due to hypocalcemia

18
Q

Describe Trousseau sign related to hypocalcemia

A

hand postures when BP cuff is pumped up

19
Q

Which is a better prognostic indicator of pancreas function, Lipase or Amylase

A

Lipase: more specific to pancreatitis

20
Q

What is the most frequent cause of chronic pancreatitis?

A

Alcoholism

21
Q

PE findings of chronic pancreatitis

A 
epigastric pain
steatorrhea 
WL
Fatigue 
Pain
22
Q

Diagnostic labs for chronic pancreatitis

A

Lipase/Amylase
Steatorrhea
DECREASED FECAL ELASTASE < 100 mcg

23
Q

What is usually seen on XR in chronic pancreatitis patients

A

Pancreaticolithiasis

24
Q

What can be seen on CT that would probe workup for possible pancreatic cancer?

A

tumefactive chronic pancreatitis (chronic pancreatitis with a mass and/or obstructive jaundice)

25
TIGAR-O Chronic Pancreatitis
``` Toxic-Metabolic: EtOH Idiopathic Genetic: CF Autoimmune- Celiac/IgG4 disease Recurrent- 36% of recurrent acute pancreatitis pt's Obstructive ```
26
What is the main cause of death in those with chronic pancreatitis?
Cancer
27
3 treatments for chronic pancreatitis
1. supportive 2. Pain control 3. Pancreatic enzyme supplementation
28
Pancreatic function tests
Fecal Elastase is most indicative | Low in insufficiency
29
What endocrine related disorder do close to 80% of chronic pancreatitis pt's develop?
DM
30
67 y/o patient presents with weight loss and new onset DM. What is in your differential?
Pancreatic Cancer - >65 - New onset DM - Painless Jaundice
31
Trousseau sign of Malignancy
aka Migratory Thromboplebitis - repeated attacks of multiple venous thrombosis at different sites. Due to overproduction of coagulation factors from cancer cells
32
Courvoisier Sign
enlarged, palpable gallbladder in patients with obstructive jaundice
33
MEN Type 1 can be diagnosed by which findings
2/3: 1. Hypercalcemia with increased PTH (Parathyroid) 2. Gastrinoma (ZES) or Insulinoma that leads to hypoglycemia 3. Acromegaly or Cushing Disease Andre the Giant
34
MEN type 2A
Thyroid- elevated calcitonin (hypocalcemia) Adrenal- elevated catecholamines PT- Hypercalcemia with increased PTH
35
MEN Type 2B
Marfanoid type with neuromas of lips and tongue | *Not HY

GI II Exam 2 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions