Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Abdomen Section 1 > Pancreas reverse > Flashcards

Pancreas reverse Flashcards

1
Q

reverse

retroperitoneal organ

lies posterior to the stomach, duodenum, proximal jejunum of the small bowel, also the transverse colon run horizontallyh acraoss the ab

contained in the anterior pararenal space

drapes across the mid aspect of the ab, just under the xyphoid process

A

Pancreas Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

reverse

4 primary

head

neck

body

tail

A

pancreas segments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

reverse

cradled in the C-loop of the duodenum,

IVC posterior

GDA anterolateral border

CBD posterior and lateral

A

pancreas head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

reverse

located anterior to the IVC and posterior to the SMV

A

Pancreas Uncinate process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

reverse

aorta

IVC

SMA

SMV

splenic vein

portal vein

A

Pancreas vascular landmarks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

reverse

duct of Wirsung

courses entire lenght of pancreas

enters duodenum via the ampulla of vater

A

Main pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

reverse

Duct of Santori

drains the anterior segment of the head

>2mm internal measurment is abnormal

A

pancrease accessory duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

reverse

right lateral to SMV

anterior to IVC

inferior to portal vein

A

Vascular structure pancreatic head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

reverse

posterior to SMV

may completely surround SMV

anterior to aorta

A

Vascular structure Uncinate process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

reverse

anterior to portal confluence

A

vascular structure neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

reverse

anterior to SMV

splenic vein

SMA

A

vascular structure body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

reverse

splenic vein marks posterior border

A

vascular structure tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

reverse

primary duct extending entire length of pancreas

seen as 2 echogenic lines especially in neck/body

receives tributaries from the lobules

enters the duodenum with the common bile duct at the ampulla of vater

sphincter of Oddi-small muscle that guards the ampulla of vater

A

Duct of Wirsung

Main pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

reverse

drains the upper anterior head

endters the duodenum at the minor papilla

2cm proximal to the ampulla of vater

just draions the head

not normally seen on ultrasound

A

duct of santorini

secondary duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

reverse

runs inferior in the free edge of the lesser omentum to level of the duodenum

travels posterior to the first portion of duodenum where it forms a common trunk with the pancreatic duct and opens into the duodenum

ducts have smooth muscle surrounding them to make it easier to transport the pancreatic fluid

A

Common bile duct

CBD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

reverse

longest segment

antrum of the stomach lies anterior

A

Pancrease body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

reverse

most difficult to visualize

course left lateral aspect of the body, extending to the hillum of the spleen

splenic vein serves as the posterior border

left kidney is posterior to the tail

A

pancreas tail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

reverse

supplied by the splenic artery and the pancreaticoduodenal arteries

veinous drainage is through tributaries of the splenic and SMV

A

Pancrease vascular supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

reverse

Agenisis

pancreas divisum

ectopic

annular

A

Panreatic congential anomilies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

reverse

missing body and tail with a large (hypertropic) head

A

Agenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

reverse

lack of fusion of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic buds

A

pancreas divisum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

reverse

most common anomalie

pancreatic nodules are found throughout the GI tract

.5-2.0cm in size

acute pancreatitis and tumor may be found in these nodules

A

ectopic

23
Q

reverse

head of the pancreas surrounds the second portion of the duodenum

male prevalence

A

annular

24
Q

reverse

Exocrine

Endochrine

A

pancreas functions

25
Q

reverse

digestive function

A

Exocrine

26
Q

reverse

produces up to 2 liters of pancreatic juice per day

arranged in sac-like structures

juice converges into the two ducts which drain the juice into the duodenum for digestion

pancreatic juice enzymes capable of completing almost all of the digestion of our food

A

Acini cells

27
Q

reverse

produces pancreatic juice to aid in digestion

enzymes

lipase

trypsin

amylase

nucleases

sodium bicarbonate

A

Excocrine function

28
Q

reverse

breaks down fats

A

lipase

29
Q

reverse

digest proteins

A

trypsin

30
Q

reverse

digest carbohydrates

A

amylase

31
Q

reverse

digest nucleic acids

A

nucleases

32
Q

reverse

neutralizes gastric acids

ph of juice needs to be almost neutral for best action

A

sodium bicarbonate

33
Q

reverse

chyme (partially digested food) in the duodenum triggers release of hormones that start pancreatic juice formation

gastrin

cholecystokinin

aceytlcholine

secretin (sodium bicarbonate)

these now enter duodenum after allowing the sphincter of Oddi to relax

A

Exocrine enzyme triggers

34
Q

reverse

produces glucagons and insulin

A

Endocrine function

35
Q

reverse

alpha, beta and delta cells within the islets of Langerhans

A

insulin production

36
Q

reverse

regulates the metabolism of sugars

insufficient leads to diabetis mellitus

hormone that causes glycogen formation from teh glucose stored within the liver

A

Insulin

37
Q

reverse

changes the forms of sugar

hormone that causes our cells to release glucose to meet the bodies energy needs

stimulates the liver to convert glycogen to glucose and increase sugar levels

A

glucagon

38
Q

reverse

autoregulator

inhibits the production of both insulin and glucagon

A

gastrin

39
Q

reverse

most prevalent cells

produces insulin

enables cells within insulin receptors to take up clucose which lowers blood sugar

A

Beta cells

40
Q

reverse

produce glucagon

A

alpha cells

41
Q

reverse

smallest number of cells

produce gastrin

A

delta cells

42
Q

reverse

digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas as well as the parotid glands, bowel and gynecological system

certain types of pancreatic disease escapes into the surrounding tissue causing death of tissue, resulting in severe pain and inflammation

A

Amylase

43
Q

reverse

blood test twice normal usually indicates acute pancretitis, or obstruction of panc duct, acute cholecystitis, perforated peptic ulcer, alcohol poisoning

differentials include mumps, ischemic bowel disease, pelvic inflammatory disease

A

ANypase lab tests

44
Q

reverse

may be elevated in pancreatitis

diseases not affectin the pancreas may cause an elevation of blood serum amylase with elevation

A

urine amylase

45
Q

reverse

enzyme excreted only by the pancreas

small amounts pass into the blood

used to assess damage to the pancreas

rises at teh same rate as amylase, but persists for a longer period of time

A

Lipase

46
Q

reverse

obstruction of panc duct

pancreatic CA

acute cholecystitis

A

lipase differentials

47
Q

reverse

controls the blood sugar lever in the body

GTT performed to asses a disorder of glucose metablolism

A

glucose

48
Q

reverse

diabetes

chronic liver disease

overactivity of several of the endocrine glands

A

elevated Glucose differentials

49
Q

reverse

tumor of the islets of langerhans

A

decreased glucose differential

50
Q

reverse

echogenicity is caompared to liver

echo intensity is slightly less than surrounding retroperitoneum and slightly greater than liver

texture depends on amount of fat dispersed between the lobules

fat is strongly echogenic so may be isoechoic with surround retroperitoneal fat

echotexture-homogeneous

surface smooth to slightly lobular

A

normal pancreatic tissue sonographically

51
Q

reverse

NPO 6-8 hrs

2.5-5Mhz adults

5-7Mhz peadiatrics

left lobe for window

deep inspiration to allow liver to displace inferior

supine, oblique and upright positions (distends vascular structures) also valsalva

A

Scanning pancreas

52
Q

reverse

head

Neck

Body

tail

A

Pancread normal size

53
Q

reverse

>liver

<>spleen (depends on fibrous/fatty content)

A

pancrease normal echogenicity

Abdomen Section 1 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions