PANCE Prep- Neuro Flashcards
Management of Normal pressure Hydrocephalus
- Ventriculoperitoneal shunt
What is the term for impaired performance of rapidly alternating movements and what does it mean
dysdiadochokinesia
*cerebellar pathology
CN VII: ____ (S/M/B?)
Test by: ___
Abnormalities could mean: ___
CN 7: facial: B
Test: M: facial expression, S: taste anterior 2/3 of tongue
Abnormalities: Bells palsy, CN 7 palsy, Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
Tx of Tension Headache
- tx like migraines- 1st NSAIDS, ASA, acetaminophen
2. Anti-migraine meds
What are the following associated with:
1. Lewy bodies
- Lewy bodies= Parkinson disease
The ability to put three words together, feed oneself well with a spoon and build a tower of seven cubes are milestones for what age?
24 months
2 main Clinical manifestations of Myasthenia Gravis
- Ocular Weakness (usually 1st presenting sx and more severe)
- EOM involvement, Diplopia***, ptosis (more prominent w/ upward gaze)
- Pupils are SPARED - Generalized muscle weakness w/ repeated muscle use– relieved w/ rest
- Bulbar (oropharyngeal) weakness w/ prolonged chewing
- Respiratory muscle weakness may lead to resp. failure= myasthenic crisis
- MC in young women
- *MUSCLE WEAKNESS WORSENED W USE
Management of TIA
- FIRST LINE: Aspirin +/- dipyridamole or plavix
* *Thrombolytics contraindicated!!
* *avoid lowering BP unless >220/120 - Management of RF:
- carotid endartectomy if ICA stenosis > 70%
- oral anticoagulation for a-fib or LV thrombus
Symptoms of Restless Leg Syndrome (Willis-Ekbom Disease)
- uncomfortable itching, burning, paresthesias in the leg that creates an urge to move
- worse at night and prolonged period of rest/inactivity
- improved with movement
What is Myerson’s sign
tapping the bridge of nose repetitively causes a sustained blink
*often seen in Parkinson Disease
What is the most common and most aggressive of all the primary CNS tumors in adults
Glioblastoma (glioblastoma multiform) = Grade 4 astrocytoma
What is Lhermittes sign
Neck flexion causing lightening shock type pain radiating from the spine down the leg
*seen in MS
What makes up the diencephalon and where is it?
- Thalamus: deep in forebrain
2. Hypothalamus: below and ventral to thalamus
Management of Restless Leg Syndrome (Willis-Ekbom Disease)
- Dopamine agonist (TX OF CHOICE) ex. Pramipexole, Ropinirole
- Iron supplementation in those w/ serum ferritin lower than 75mcg/L
- Alpha-2-delta calcium channel ligands ex. Gabapentin
Valproic acid and Depakote 4 ADRs
pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, TERATOGEN (neural tube defect), tremor
SE of Levodopa/Carbidopa
- NV
- Hypotension
- Somnolence
- Dyskinesia and wearing off bradykinesia associated with LT use
CN VI: ____ (S/M/B?)
Test by: ___
CN6: Abducens: M
Test: lateral rectus (lateral gaze), EOM
Seizures that develop during adolescence and adult life are predominantly due to:
tumor, trauma, drug use, or alcohol withdrawal.
This type of tremor is shortly relieved with alcohol ingestion
Essential Familial Tremor
benign intentional tremor
what is progressive, chronic intellectual deterioration: memory loss, loss of impulse control
Dementia
CN X: ____ (S/M/B?)
Test by: ___
CN10, vagus, B
Test: M: voice, soft palate, gag
Anterior CVA sxs
contralateral sensory and motor deficits greater in leg/foot
urinary incontinence
personality/cognitive deficits
What is Cushings reflex and what disease state is it typically seen in?
- irregular respirations
- hypertension
- bradycardia
**TBI and epidural hematoma
4 Indications for Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- tonic-clonic and focal Seizure disorders
- bipolar
- Trigeminal neuralgia (Drug of choice)
- central diabetes insipidus