pan anatomy and abnormalities (look at handout for abnormalities) Flashcards
Air Spaces in Pan
3
Nasopharyngeal
glossopharyngeal
palatoglossal
What does it mean if the Palatoglossal air space is in the pan
Pt tongue not against roof of mouth
What structures are easily visualized in the airspaces
- Turbinates
- Adenoid pad
- Uvula
- Root of the tongue
- Lingual tonsil
- Hyoid bone
- Epiglottis
- Cervical spine
What structures are not easily visualized in the air spaces
• Palatine tonsils • Posterior nasal septum • Choana • Eustachian tube orifices • Lateral pharyngeal recesses
Location and Rad appearance of the Nasopharyngeal air space
• Portion of the pharynx located posterior to the nasal cavity
• RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: diagonal RL band located
superior to the RO shadow of the soft palate and uvula
Location and appearance of the Palatoglossal air space
- Air space between the palate and tongue
* RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: horizontal RL band superimposed over the apices of the maxillary teeth
Location and Rad Appearance of Glossopharyngeal Air Space
• Portion of the pharynx located posterior to the tongue
and oral cavity
• RADIOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE: vertical RL band superimposed over the ramus of the mandible
What do the airspaces mimic if superimposed on teeth
Coronal Radiolucencies
What structures are located in the Midfacial Region
- Adenoid pad
- Pterygomaxillary fissure
- Maxillary tuberosity and maxilla
- Maxillary sinus/antrum
- Lower border of the orbit
- Zygomatic process of the maxilla
- Zygoma
- Nasal septum
- Inferior turbinates
- Middle and inferior meati
- Hard palate
- Anterior nasal spine
Adenoid Pad
- Located in the MidFacial Region
- Nasopharyngeal airspace
Pterygomaxillary Fissure
Located in MidFacial Region
Inverted RL teardrop with sclerotic borders
Maxillary Tuberosity
Located in the Midfacial Region
RO bulge distal to Max 3rd Molar
Max Sinus/Antrums
Located in the Midfacial Region
Paired and usually symmetrical
Sinus Floor dense cortical bone appears as RO line
Lower Border of the ORbit
Located in the Midfacial Region
Rounded RL compartment with RO borders located superior to the Max Sinus
Zygomatic Process of the Max
Located in the Midfacial Region
J or U shape RO usually located superior to the Max 1/2nd molar
Lower Border of the Zyoma
Located in the Midfacial Region
RO band that extends posteriorly from the zygomatic process of the Max
Nasal Septum and fossae
Located in the Midfacial Region
Vertical RO partition that divides the nasal cavity
Fossae are cavities that contain air and turbinate bone
Inferior Turbinates
Located in the Midfacial Region
RO smear across the panoramic image towards the man notch
Middle and inferior meati
Located in the Midfacial Region
Inf meat are inferior to the inf turbinates
Middle meat are inf to middle turbinates
Hard Palate
Located in the Midfacial Region
Horiz RO band superior to the apices of the Max teeth
Ant Nasal Spine
Located in the Midfacial Region
Sharp bony projection of the Max located in the Ant-Inf portion of the nasal cavity
Structures in the Man region
- Glenoid fossa and articular eminence
- Head of the condyle
- Mandibular notch and coronoid process
- Lingula and mandibular foramen
- Mandibular canal and mental foramen
- Inferior border
- Angle of the mandible
- Internal oblique ridge (mylohyoid ridge)
- External oblique ridge
- Styloid process
- Ear lobes (mimic pathology)
Glenoid Fossa and Art eminence
Structure in the Man Region
Concave RO superior to the Man condyle
RO projection of bone ant to the glenoid fossa
Head of condyle
Structure in the Man Region
Bony rounded RO projection
Man Notch and Coronoid process
Structure in the Man Region
RO concavity distal to the process
Triangular RO post to the Max tuberosity
Lingual and Man foramen
Structure in the Man Region
Indistinct RO ant to the Man foramen
Ovoid RL within the Ramus
Man canal and Mental Foramen
Structure in the Man Region
Tube like pasagewaythrough bone
opening in bone located on the buccal surface
Inf border of the mandible
Structure in the Man Region
Smooth dense RO band that outlines the lower border of the mandible
Angle of the mandible
Structure in the Man Region
RO structure that joins the rams to the man body
Int oblique ridge
Structure in the Man Region
This ROband in the area of the rams usually below the apices of the man teeth
Ext oblique ridge
Structure in the Man Region
RO band of varied width
Styloid process
Structure in the Man Region
RO spine that extends from the temporal bone ant to the mastoid process
Ear lobes
Structure in the Man Region
soft tissue structure that mimic pathology
Teeth and Roots
- Count the teeth
- Look at the size and shape of the teeth
- Evaluate the anatomy and size of roots
- Look at the size and presence of the pulp
- Evaluate the bone pattern around the roots
White and Pharoah’s
5 steps to Interpretation
• Localize the abnormality
• Assess the periphery and shape
• Analyze the internal structure
• Analyze the effects of the lesion on surrounding
structures
• Formulate a radiographic interpretation
