pals test

Question 1

Awake Heart Rate for newborn to 3 months

Answer 1

85-205

Question 2

Awake Heart Rate for 3 months to 2 years

Answer 2

100-190

Question 3

Awake Heart Rate for 2 years to 10 years

Answer 3

60-140

Question 4

Awake Heart Rate for >10 years

Answer 4

60-100

Question 5

Dopamine

Answer 5

Dopamine (3,4 dihydroxy phenylethylamine) is a naturally occurring catecholamine that has been employed both experimentally and clinically for the therapy of various forms of shock. Dopamine possesses a variety of useful pharmacologic properties. It functions as an a-adrenergic agonist, causing vasoconstriction of peripheral capacitance and resistance vessels; it also is a β-adrenergic agonist, producing an increase in cardiac rate and an augmentation of myocardial contractility. In these respects, dopamine is not different from norepinephrine. However, dopamine possesses another property that is unique: it dilates renal and mesenteric vascular beds directly. Recent evidence indicates that dopamine inhibits renal tubular reabsorption of sodium. Thus, dopamine can be used to increase systemic arterial pressure by stimulating the myocardium, without compromising renal blood flow and urine output.

Although dopamine, like other pressor agents, has been utilized in a variety of forms of shock, its most successful application has been in patients with cardiogenic shock.