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Vicars Study > Palpation Exam > Flashcards

Palpation Exam Flashcards

1
Q

ACTION: RHOMBOID MAJOR

A

· Adduct the scapula

· Elevate the scapula

· Downwardly rotate the scapula

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2
Q

ORIGIN: RHOMBOID MAJOR

A

· Spinous processes of T-2 through T-5

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3
Q

INSERTION: RHOMBOID MAJOR

A

· Medial border or scapula, between spine of

scapula and inferior angle

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4
Q

ACTION: GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

A

All fibers: · Extend the hip · Laterally rotate the hip · Abduct the hip Lower fibers: · Adduct the hip

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5
Q

ORIGIN: GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

A

· Coccyx · Edge of sacrum · Posterior iliac crest · Sacrotuberous ligament · Sacroiliac ligament

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6
Q

INSERTION: GLUTEUS MAXIMUS

A

Upper fibers: · Iliotibial tract
Lower fibers: · Gluteal tuberosity (of femur)

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7
Q

ACTION: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

Unilaterally:

· Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side

· Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

· Flex the vertebral column

· Compress the abdominal contents

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8
Q

ORIGIN: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

· External surfaces of lower eight ribs

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9
Q

INSERTION: EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

· Anterior part of iliac crest · Rectus sheath to linea alba

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10
Q

ACTION: MEDIAL PTERYGOID

A

Unilaterally: · Laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side Bilaterally: · Elevate the mandible · Protract the mandible

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11
Q

ORIGIN: MEDIAL PTERYGOID

A

· Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone · Tuberosity of maxilla

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12
Q

INSERTION: MEDIAL PTERYGOID

A

· Medial surface of ramus of mandible

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13
Q

ACTION: FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

A

· Flex the second through fifth fingers (metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints) · Flex the wrist

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14
Q

ORIGIN: FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

A

· Common flexor tendon from medial epicondyle of humerus · Ulnar collateral ligament · Coronoid process of ulna · Interosseous membrane · Proximal shaft of radius

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14
Q

INSERTION: FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS

A

· Sides of middle phalanges of second through fifth fingers

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15
Q

ACTION: LATERAL PTERYGOID

A

Unilaterally:

· Laterally deviate the mandible to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

· Protract the mandible

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16
Q

ORIGIN: LATERAL PTERYGOID

A

Superior head:

· Infratemporal surface of sphenoid bone

· Crest of greater wing of sphenoid bone

Inferior head:

· Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

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17
Q

INSERTION: LATERAL PTERYGOID

A

· Articular disc and capsule of temporomandibular joint · Neck of mandible

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18
Q

ACTION: FIBULARIS LONGUS

A

· Evert the foot · Assist to plantar flex the ankle

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19
Q

ORIGIN: FIBULARIS LONGUS

A

· Head of fibula

· Proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula

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20
Q

INSERTION: FIBULARIS LONGUS

A

· Base of first metatarsal

· Medial cuneiform

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21
Q

ACTION: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

A

Unilaterally:

· Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

· Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side

Bilaterally:

· Flex the neck

· Assist to elevate the ribcage during inhalation

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22
Q

ORIGIN: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

A

Sternal head:

· Top of manubrium

Clavicular head:

· Medial 1/3 of clavicle

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23
Q

INSERTION: STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

A

· Mastoid process

· Lateral portion of superior nuchal line of occiput

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24
Q

ACTION: LEVATOR SCAPULA

A

Unilaterally: · Elevate the scapula · Downwardly rotate the scapula · Laterally flex the head and neck · Rotate the head and neck to the same side Bilaterally: · Extend the head and neck

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25
Q

ORIGIN: LEVATOR SCAPULA

A

· Transverse processes of C-1 through C-4

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26
Q

INSERTION: LEVATOR SCAPULA

A

· Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

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27
Q

ACTION: GLUTEUS MEDIUS

A

All fibers:

· Abduct the hip

Anterior fibers:

· Flex the hip

· Medially rotate the hip

Posterior fibers:

· Extend the hip

· Laterally rotate the hip

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28
Q

ORIGIN: GLUTEUS MEDIUS

A

· Gluteal surface of ilium, between posterior and anterior gluteal lines, just inferior to iliac crest

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29
Q

INSERTION: GLUTEUS MEDIUS

A

· Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

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30
Q

ACTION: INTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

Unilaterally: · Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side · Rotate vertebral column to the same side Bilaterally: · Flex the vertebral column · Compress the abdominal contents

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31
Q

ORIGIN: INTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

· Lateral inguinal ligament · Iliac crest · Thoracolumbar fascia

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32
Q

INSERTION: INTERNAL OBLIQUE

A

· Internal surface of lower three ribs · Rectus sheath to linea alba

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33
Q

ORIGIN: FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

A

· Posterior surface of the middle of the tibia

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34
Q

INSERTION:

FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

A

· Distal phalanges of second through fifth toes

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35
Q

ACTION: FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS

A

· Flex the second through fifth toes · Weak plantar flexion of the ankle · Invert the foot

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36
Q

ACTION: FIBULARIS BREVIS

A

· Evert the foot · Assist to plantar flex the ankle

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37
Q

ORIGIN: FIBULARIS BREVIS

A

· Distal 2/3 of lateral fibula

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38
Q

INSERTION: FIBULARIS BREVIS

A

· Tuberosity of fifth metatarsal

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39
Q

ACTION: ADDUCTOR LONGUS

A

· Adduct the hip · Medially rotate the hip · Assist to flex the hip

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40
Q

ORIGIN: ADDUCTOR LONGUS

A

· Pubic tubercle

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41
Q

INSERTION: ADDUCTOR LONGUS

A

· Medial lip of linea aspera

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42
Q

ACTION: ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

A

· Adduct the hip

· Medially rotate the hip

· Assist to flex the hip

Posterior fibers:

· Extend the hip

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43
Q

ORIGIN: ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

A

· Inferior ramus of pubis · Ramus of ischium · Ischial tuberosity

–

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44
Q

INSERTION: ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

A

· Medial lip of linea aspera

· Adductor tubercle

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45
Q

ACTION: BRACHIORADIALIS

A

· Flex the elbow

· Assist to pronate and supinate the forearm when these movements are resisted

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46
Q

ORIGIN: BRACHIORADIALIS

A

· Proximal 2/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of

humerus

47
Q

INSERTION: BRACHIORADIALIS

A

· Styloid process of radius

48
Q

ACTION: PSOAS MAJOR

A

With the origin fixed: · Flex the hip · May laterally rotate the hip

With the insertion fixed: · Flex the trunk toward the thigh · Tilt the pelvis anteriorly

Unilaterally: · Assist to laterally flex the lumbar spine

49
Q

ORIGIN: PSOAS MAJOR

A

· Bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae

50
Q

INSERTION: PSOAS MAJOR

A

· Lesser trochanter

51
Q

ACTION: ILIACUS

A

With the origin fixed:

· Flex the hip

· May laterally rotate the hip

With the insertion fixed:

· Flex the trunk toward the thigh

· Tilt the pelvis anteriorly

52
Q

ORIGIN: ILIACUS

A

· Iliac fossa

53
Q

INSERTION: ILIACUS

A

· Lesser trochanter

54
Q

ACTION: LATISSIMUS DORSI

A

· Extend the shoulder · Adduct the shoulder · Medially rotate the shoulder

55
Q

ORIGIN: LATISSIMUS DORSI

A

· Inferior angle of scapula

· Spinous processes of last six thoracic vertebrae

· Last three or four ribs

· Thoracolumbar fascia

· Posterior iliac crest

56
Q

INSERTION: LATISSIMUS DORSI

A

· Intertubercular groove of humerus

57
Q

ACTION: TRAPEZIUS

A

Upper fibers:

Bilaterally:

· Extend the head and neck

Unilaterally:

· Laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

· Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side

· Elevate the scapula

· Upwardly rotate the scapula

Middle fibers:

· Adduct the scapula

· Stabilize the scapula

Lower fibers:

· Depress the scapula

58
Q

ORIGIN: TRAPEZIUS

A

· External occipital protuberance

· Medial portion of superior nuchal line of occiput

· Ligamentum nuchae

· Spinous processes of C-7 through T-12

59
Q

INSERTION: TRAPEZIUS

A

· Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

· Acromion

· Spine of scapula

60
Q

ACTION: PECTORALIS MAJOR

A

All fibers: · Adduct the shoulder · Medially rotate the shoulder · Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation (with the arm fixed)

Upper fibers: · Flex the shoulder · Horizontally adduct the shoulder

Lower fibers: · Extend the shoulder

61
Q

ORIGIN: PECTORALIS MAJOR

A

· Medial ½ of clavicle · Sternum · Cartilage of first through sixth ribs

62
Q

INSERTION: PECTORALIS MAJOR

A

· Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

63
Q

ACTION: PECTORALIS MINOR

A

· Depress the scapula · Abduct the scapula · Downwardly rotate the scapula

With the scapula fixed: · Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

64
Q

ORIGIN: PECTORALIS MINOR

A

· Third, fourth, and fifth ribs

65
Q

INSERTION: PECTORALIS MINOR

A

· Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula

66
Q

ACTION: RECTUS FEMORIS

A

· Extend the knee

· Flex the hip

67
Q

ORIGIN: RECTUS FEMORIS

A

· Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

68
Q

INSERTION: RECTUS FEMORIS

A

· Tibial tuberosity, via the patella and patellar ligament

69
Q

ACTION: BICEPS FEMORIS

A

· Flex the knee

· Laterally rotate the flexed knee

Long head:

· Extend the hip

· Assist to laterally rotate the hip

· Tilt the pelvis posteriorly

70
Q

ORIGIN: BICEPS FEMORIS

A

Long head:

· Ischial tuberosity

Short head:

· Lateral lip of linea aspera

71
Q

INSERTION: BICEPS FEMORIS

A

· Head of the fibula

72
Q

ORIGIN: GASTROCNEMIUS

A

· Posterior surfaces of condyles of femur

73
Q

INSERTION: GASTROCNEMIUS

A

· Calcaneus, via the calcaneal tendon

74
Q

ACTION: GASTROCNEMIUS

A

· Flex the knee

· Plantar flex the ankle

75
Q

ACTION: SUPINATOR

A

· Supinate the forearm

76
Q

ORIGIN: SUPINATOR

A

· Lateral epicondyle of humerus · Radial collateral ligament · Annular ligament · Supinator crest of ulna

77
Q

INSERTION: SUPINATOR

A

· Anterior, lateral surface of proximal 1/3 of radial shaft

78
Q

ACTION: SUBSCAPULARIS

A

· Medially rotate the shoulder

· Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

79
Q

ORIGIN: SUBSCAPULARIS

A

· Subscapular fossa of scapula

80
Q

INSERTION: SUBSCAPULARIS

A

· Lesser tubercle of humerus

81
Q

ACTION: TERES MINOR

A

· Laterally rotate the shoulder

· Adduct the shoulder

· Stabilize the head of the humerus in the glenoid cavity

82
Q

ORIGIN: TERES MINOR

A

· Upper 2/3 of lateral border of scapula

83
Q

INSERTION: TERES MINOR

A

Greater tubercle of humerus

84
Q

ACTION: SARTORIUS

A

· Flex the hip

· Laterally rotate the hip

· Abduct the hip

· Flex the knee

· Medially rotate the flexed knee

85
Q

ORIGIN: SARTORIUS

A

· Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)

86
Q

INSERTION: SARTORIUS

A

· Medial surface of proximal shaft of tibia, at pes anserinus tendon

87
Q

ACTION:

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

A

· Extend the wrist

· Abduct the wrist

· Assist to flex the elbow

88
Q

ORIGIN:

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

A

· Distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

89
Q

INSERTION:

EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS

A

· Base of second metacarpal

90
Q

ACTION: MIDDLE SCALENE

A

Unilaterally:

· Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side

· With the ribs fixed, laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

Bilaterally:

· Elevate the ribs during inhalation

· Flex the head and neck

91
Q

ORIGIN: MIDDLE SCALENE

A

· Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C-2 through C-7

92
Q

INSERTION: MIDDLE SCALENE

A

· First rib

93
Q

ACTION: DELTOID

A

All fibers:

· Abduct the shoulder

Anterior fibers:

· Flex the shoulder

· Medially rotate the shoulder

· Horizontally adduct the shoulder

Posterior fibers:

· Extend the shoulder

· Laterally rotate the shoulder

· Horizontally abduct the shoulder

94
Q

ORIGIN: DELTOID

A

· Lateral 1/3 of clavicle

· Acromion

· Spine of scapula

95
Q

INSERTION: DELTOID

A

Deltoid tuberosity

96
Q

ORIGIN: FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

A

· Common flexor tendon from the medial epicondyle of humerus

97
Q

INSERTION: FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

A

· Bases of second and third metacarpals

98
Q

ACTION: FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS

A

· Flex the wrist · Abduct the wrist · May assist to flex the elbow

99
Q

ACTION: SERRATUS ANTERIOR

A

With the origin fixed: · Abduct the scapula · Upwardly rotate the scapula · Depress the scapula · Hold the medial border of the scapula against the ribcage

With the scapula fixed: · May act to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation

100
Q

ORIGIN: SERRATUS ANTERIOR

A

· External surfaces of first eight or nine ribs

101
Q

INSERTION: SERRATUS ANTERIOR

A

· Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

102
Q

ACTION: POSTERIOR SCALENE

A

Unilaterally: · Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side · With the ribs fixed, laterally flex the head and neck to the same side

Bilaterally: · Elevate the ribs during inhalation · Flex the head and neck

103
Q

ORIGIN: POSTERIOR SCALENE

A

· Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C-6 and C-7

104
Q

INSERTION: POSTERIOR SCALENE

A

· Second rib

105
Q

Radial Nerve Pathway

A

from the brachial plexus (C5 – T1)
between anterior and middle scalenes dives under the clavicle, under pectoralis minor, and through the axilla takes a path along the lateral/posterior aspect of the arm, forearm, and hand winds around the spiral groove of the humerus, deep to lateral head of triceps brachii, to the anterior arm
becomes superficial as it travels between brachialis and brachioradialis passes extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
crosses elbow to supinator divides into posterior and superficial branches posterior branch travels laterally and ends at the wrist
superficial branch continues down the dorsal surface of the hand, between the 4th digit and thenar eminence

106
Q

Median Nerve Pathway

A

from the brachial plexus (C5 – T1)
between anterior and middle scalenes dives under the clavicle, under pectoralis minor, and through the axilla as part of a
neurovascular bundle follows medial aspect of arm from axilla to
cubital fossa leaves cubital fossa, and runs between heads of pronator teres goes deep to forearm flexors emerges superficial at the wrist, and travels through carpal tunnel, branching into the hand

before the wrist, the palmar cutaneous branch travels superior to the carpal tunnel and innervates the skin of the thenar eminence

107
Q

median nerve innervated muscles

A

pronator teres
pronator quadratus
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexor digitorum profundus (radial or lateral half)
flexor pollicis longus
thenar muscles

108
Q

Ulnar Nerve Pathway

A

from brachial plexus (C8 – T1)
* between anterior and middle scalenes
* dives under clavicle, under pectoralis minor
* follows posterior wall of axilla, then along medial triceps brachii
* at the elbow, goes between medial epicondyle and olecranon process, through the ulnar groove
* goes between heads of flexor carpi ulnaris, then follows deep to flexor carpi ulnaris to the wrist
* continues over carpal tunnel, between pisiform and hook of hamate (Guyon’s canal)
* divides into superficial and deep, and continues into hand and fingers

109
Q

Ulnar nerve innervated muscles

A

flexor carpi ulnaris
flexor digitorum profundus (ulnar or
medial half)
hypothenar muscles
3rd and 4th lumbricals
palmar interossei
dorsal interossei
adductor pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis

110
Q

Radial nerve innervated muscles

A

triceps brachii
anconeus
brachioradialis
supinator
Extensors of forearm and hand:
* extensor carpi radialis longus
* extensor carpi radialis brevis
* extensor digitorum
* extensor carpi ulnaris
* extensor indicis
* extensor digiti minimi
* extensor pollicis longus
* extensor pollicis brevis
* abductor pollicis longus
* superficial branch innervates skin of dorsal hand

111
Q

Sciatic Nerve Pathway

A

The sciatic nerve is two independent nerves which travel together as the sciatic nerve until reaching the popliteal fossa.
* from lumbosacral plexus (L4 - S1)
* passes throuh greater sciatic foramen and under piriformis
* passes between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter
* follows adductor magnus down posterior leg
* splits at popliteal fossa into tibial and common peroneal nerves
* tibial nerves travels posteriorly between heads of gastrocnemius
* continues to ankle and around medial malleolus and divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves
* common peroneal travels around and below the head of the fibula
* divides into superficial and deep
* both travel laterally and anteriorly to the dorsal surface of the foot

112
Q

Sciatic nerve innervated muscles (proximal to knee)

A

Tibial division
* hamstrings
* one half adductor magnus
Peroneal division
* biceps femoris (short head)

113
Q

Peroneal Nerve innervated muscles

A

peroneal muscles
ankle and digit extensors

114
Q

Tibial nerve innervated muscles

A

gastrocnemius
soleus
popliteus
plantaris
ankle and digit flexors
intrinsic foot muscles (plantar)

Vicars Study (11 decks)

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