Palestine Flashcards
Ruled Palestine from 1517 to 1917-1918
The Ottoman Empire
dissociated itself from London’s declared policy of “Zionizing” Palestine. Many of its senior officers lacked any sympathy for Zionism and understood that British support for it would probably bring them into conflict with the Arabs,making their task of administering a problematic, war-impoverished country that much more difficult.
In April 1918 Allenby established the Occupied Enemy Territory Administration (OETA)
By early April the Haganah (Defense), as it was now called, fielded some two hundred “troops,” with about fifty rifles and a handful of pistols and grenades
In what year did this occur?
1920
A brilliant orator,_____ had promoted the establishment of Jewish fighting units within the British Army during World War I and was one of the founders of the Haganah
Ze’ev Jabotinsky
Also known as the likud party’s future Ideological leader.
In 1930–31 a band of Haganah officers set up their own group, called
“Irgun Bet.” They wanted the Haganah to abandon its defensive strategy and take an aggressive, retaliatory line. Within months the group veered rightward and in April 1937 renamed itself the Irgun Z’vai Leumi (national military organization; IZL or Irgun), effectively affiliating itself with the Revisionist movement and becoming its military wing
The 1929 riots. That left 133 jews dead. Led to British Commission’s recommendations including severe restrictions on Jewish immigration and the transfer of land to Jews in Palestine.
the Passfield white paper
the Muslim fundamentalist Hamas movement named its military-terrorist wing “the Battalions of ‘Izz al-Din al-Qassam.”)
Founder of the black hand.
was the firstpresidentof the new nation ofIsrael(1949–52), who was for decades the guiding spirit behind the World Zionist Organization
Chaim Weizmann
The commission’s 404-page report, published on July 7, 1937, was based on the premise that the conflict was “irrepressible” and insoluble within the framework of one state, and that the Mandate was unworkable
The peel commission.
Was removed from the presidency of the world’s zionist organization in 1946 by David Ben-Gurion.
Chaim Weizmann
Was mainly removed after his continued calls To believe in the British governments Intentions of creating a Jewish state.
Founded the zionist political movement in 1897
Theodore Hertzl.
Implementation in effect meant crushing the Palestinian Arabs’ military power and subduing their urban neighborhoodsand rural settlements in the areas earmarked for Jewish statehood. The various areas held by the Haganah were to be soldered together by conquest of those lying in between into a single geographic-political-military continuum. Blocs of settlements outside the statehood areas—such as the Etzion Bloc and Nahariya—were also to be secured and linked up. Brigade and battalion commanders were given permission to raze or empty and mine hostile or potentially hostile Arab villages.
Plan D - April 1947
by the IZL and LHI troops during and immediately after the drawn-out battle: Whole families were riddled with bullets and grenade fragments and buried when houses were blown up on top of them;205 men, women, and children were mowed down as they emerged from houses;206 individuals were taken aside and shot.207 At the end of the battle, groups of old men, women, and children were trucked through West Jerusalem’s streets in a kind of “victory parade” and then dumped in (Arab) East Jerusalem.
Deir Yassin
The attack, on the morning of April 9, was carried out with the prior approval of, and in cooperation with, the Jerusalem command of the Haganah. Some 130 IZL and LHI fighters took part. - 1947
The only arab state to grant palestinians citizenship after the war.
Jordan.
July 1954, Unit 131, a psychological warfare department of IDF Intelligence, launched a long-dormant Egyptian-Jewish network on a bombing campaign in the streets of Cairo and Alexandria, targeting American and British cultural centers and other sensitive Western sites. Unfortunately for the Israelis, one of the saboteurs was caught on July 23, as a bomb he was carrying in his pocket beganto emit smoke. Under torture he revealed names and addresses, and within forty-eight hours the whole network was in Egyptian hands. Israel dissociated itself from the affair, but nobody believed it. One of the captured saboteurs was tortured to death, and an Israeli agent, picked up along with the network, committed suicide. In January 1955 most of the network were given stiff prison sentences, two were acquitted, and two were sentenced to death—and almost immediately executed, contrary to assurances which Western intermediaries felt they had been given by Nasser that no capital sentences would be carried out
Lavon affair
