Jews

Question 1

Jews of European origin

Answer 1

Ashkenazim

Question 2

Jews of Spanish, North African, and Middle Eastern extraction.

Answer 2

Sephardim

Question 3

the Day of Atonement, the holiest day in the Jewish calendar

Answer 3

Yom Kippur. also known as theDay of Atonement, is a significant holiday in the Jewish calendar. It is a day of prayer, fasting, and repentance.

Question 4

The Temple Mount, called by Arabs al-Haram al-Sharif (the noblecompound or sanctuary), is the

Answer 4

third-holiest site in Islam. On it the first caliphs built two sacred structures, the Dome of the Rock (covering the rock, according to both Jewish and Arab tradition, on which Abraham—regarded as the common father of the two peoples—prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac) and the al-Aksa Mosque.

Question 5

refers to Jews of Germany, the term has come to refer more broadly to Jews from Central and Eastern Europe

Answer 5

Ashkenazi Jews

Question 6

After their expulsion from Spain in 1492, _____ Jews mostly settled in Amsterdam, North Africa and the Middle East.

Answer 6

Sephardic Jews

Question 7

The Laws of Jewish Life

Answer 7

Halakhah

Halakhah is the “way” a Jew is directed to behave, encompassing civil, criminal and religious law.

Question 8

means “instruction” or “teaching,” and like all teaching it requires interpretation and application.

Answer 8

theTorah(the first five books of theHebrew Bible, sometimes referred to as “the Five Books ofMoses”).

Question 9

As rabbinic teachings increased, it was necessary to commit them to writing, lest they be forgotten. Around the year 200 CE, the____ the earliest compendium of Jewish law, appeared. It became the curriculum of rabbinic instruction.

Answer 9

theMishnah

In approximately 425 CE, the interpretive traditions of the rabbis of the Land of Israel were compiled, forming theTalmud Yerushalmi (Palestinian Talmud).