Paleo Lab Final Flashcards
Phylum Arthropoda geologic range
Precambrian, Cambrian to Recent
Subphylum Trilobitamorpha geologic range
Cambrian to Permian
Class Trilobita geologic range
Cambrian to Permian
Subclass Eurypterida geologic range
Ordovician to Permian
Subclass Xiphosura geologic range
Cambrian to Recent
Class Arachnida geologic range
Silurian to Recent
Class Ostracoda geologic range
Cambrian to Recent
Class Cirripedia geologic range
Ordovician to Recent
Class Malacostraca geologic range
Ordovician to Recent
Subphylum Insecta geologic range
Devonian to Recent
Subphylum Myriapoda geologic range
Silurian to Recent
Phylum Arthropoda characteristics
Have an exoskeleton, 3/4 of all animals are arthropods, adapted to all environments (ubiquitous), social organization, excellent defense, feed on all kinds of plants and animals
Trilobite morphology
three lobes longitudinally: axial lobe and two pleural lobes on each side, cephalon (head), thorax (middle), pygidium (tail), eyes (except agnostids), exoskeleton was impregnated with calcite, glabella, glabellar furrows, occipital ring, librigena (free cheek), fixigena (fixed cheek), pleura, genal angle, general spines, axial rings, facial suture, pleura, cranidium, doublure
4 types of facial sutures for trilobites
Marginal: suture runs along the margin of the cephalon, Proparian: suture intersects cephalon in front of the genal angle, Opisthoparian: suture intersects behind the genal angle, Gonatoparian: suture intersects the corner of the genal angle (splitting the genal angle)
Types of trilobite eyes
Made out of calcite crystals - Holochroal: small lenses packed closely together, Schizochroal: separate large lenses
What are eurypterids?
“Sea scorpions,” uniramus, predatory, in the Subphylum Chelicerata
What are crustaceans?
From Subphylum Crustacea, includes the Class Malacostrea (shrimps, lobsters, crabs), have antennae
What are the Cirripedia?
barnacles, their “houses” are made out of thick plates of calcite
What are the ostracods?
“little beans,” have a calcitic bivalve carapace with no growth lines or ribs, one valve is ambler than the other, in the Subphylum Crustacea, have one eye, adductor muscles
Class Pterobranchia geologic range
Ordovician to Recent
Class Graptolithina geologic range
Middle Cambrian to Mississippian
Order Graptoloidea geologic range
Lowest Ordovician to Lower Devonian
Order Dendroidea geologic range
Middle Cambrian to Mississippian
Group Conodontophorida geologic range
Upper Cambrian to Lower Triassic
Graptolite morphology
rhabdosome - overall colony, stipe - branch of rhabdosome, thecae - tubes or individual houses for zooids, sicula - skeletal tip that housed the first zooid, every theca has an aperture, virgella - long, prominent spine from the sicula, nema - threadlike rod that suspended the rhabdosome in the water, floats, planktonic, stipes can be uniserial, biserial or quadriserial,nehabsodome shapes can be indent, reflexed, reclined, horizontal or declined
What are dendroids?
benthic, ancestors to graptolites, had thecal polymorphism, shaped like bushes, not good index fossils, have growths of 3 thecae at a time, build in half rings making a fusellar (inner) periderm like bricks and then a cortical (outer) periderm like plaster over it
What are the Pterobranchia?
close relative of graptolites, had lophophores, included the Rhabdopleura, had a terminal bud where buds form their thecae before growing outward
conodont morphology
conodonts elements, blade, platform, cusp, denticles, basal cavity, simple cone element, bar element
