Paleo Lab Final

Question 1

Phylum Arthropoda geologic range

Answer 1

Precambrian, Cambrian to Recent

Question 2

Subphylum Trilobitamorpha geologic range

Answer 2

Cambrian to Permian

Question 3

Class Trilobita geologic range

Answer 3

Cambrian to Permian

Question 4

Subclass Eurypterida geologic range

Answer 4

Ordovician to Permian

Question 5

Subclass Xiphosura geologic range

Answer 5

Cambrian to Recent

Question 6

Class Arachnida geologic range

Answer 6

Silurian to Recent

Question 7

Class Ostracoda geologic range

Answer 7

Cambrian to Recent

Question 8

Class Cirripedia geologic range

Answer 8

Ordovician to Recent

Question 9

Class Malacostraca geologic range

Answer 9

Ordovician to Recent

Question 10

Subphylum Insecta geologic range

Answer 10

Devonian to Recent

Question 11

Subphylum Myriapoda geologic range

Answer 11

Silurian to Recent

Question 12

Phylum Arthropoda characteristics

Answer 12

Have an exoskeleton, 3/4 of all animals are arthropods, adapted to all environments (ubiquitous), social organization, excellent defense, feed on all kinds of plants and animals

Question 13

Trilobite morphology

Answer 13

three lobes longitudinally: axial lobe and two pleural lobes on each side, cephalon (head), thorax (middle), pygidium (tail), eyes (except agnostids), exoskeleton was impregnated with calcite, glabella, glabellar furrows, occipital ring, librigena (free cheek), fixigena (fixed cheek), pleura, genal angle, general spines, axial rings, facial suture, pleura, cranidium, doublure

Question 14

4 types of facial sutures for trilobites

Answer 14

Marginal: suture runs along the margin of the cephalon, Proparian: suture intersects cephalon in front of the genal angle, Opisthoparian: suture intersects behind the genal angle, Gonatoparian: suture intersects the corner of the genal angle (splitting the genal angle)

Question 15

Types of trilobite eyes

Answer 15

Made out of calcite crystals - Holochroal: small lenses packed closely together, Schizochroal: separate large lenses

Question 16

What are eurypterids?

Answer 16

“Sea scorpions,” uniramus, predatory, in the Subphylum Chelicerata

Question 17

What are crustaceans?

Answer 17

From Subphylum Crustacea, includes the Class Malacostrea (shrimps, lobsters, crabs), have antennae

Question 18

What are the Cirripedia?

Answer 18

barnacles, their “houses” are made out of thick plates of calcite

Question 19

What are the ostracods?

Answer 19

“little beans,” have a calcitic bivalve carapace with no growth lines or ribs, one valve is ambler than the other, in the Subphylum Crustacea, have one eye, adductor muscles

Question 20

Class Pterobranchia geologic range

Answer 20

Ordovician to Recent

Question 21

Class Graptolithina geologic range

Answer 21

Middle Cambrian to Mississippian

Question 22

Order Graptoloidea geologic range

Answer 22

Lowest Ordovician to Lower Devonian

Question 23

Order Dendroidea geologic range

Answer 23

Middle Cambrian to Mississippian

Question 24

Group Conodontophorida geologic range

Answer 24

Upper Cambrian to Lower Triassic

Question 25

Graptolite morphology

Answer 25

rhabdosome - overall colony, stipe - branch of rhabdosome, thecae - tubes or individual houses for zooids, sicula - skeletal tip that housed the first zooid, every theca has an aperture, virgella - long, prominent spine from the sicula, nema - threadlike rod that suspended the rhabdosome in the water, floats, planktonic, stipes can be uniserial, biserial or quadriserial,nehabsodome shapes can be indent, reflexed, reclined, horizontal or declined

Question 26

What are dendroids?

Answer 26

benthic, ancestors to graptolites, had thecal polymorphism, shaped like bushes, not good index fossils, have growths of 3 thecae at a time, build in half rings making a fusellar (inner) periderm like bricks and then a cortical (outer) periderm like plaster over it

Question 27

What are the Pterobranchia?

Answer 27

close relative of graptolites, had lophophores, included the Rhabdopleura, had a terminal bud where buds form their thecae before growing outward

Question 28

conodont morphology

Answer 28

conodonts elements, blade, platform, cusp, denticles, basal cavity, simple cone element, bar element