Exam 2 Flashcards
Phylum Brachiopoda geologic range
Cambrian to Recent
Class Inarticulata geologic range
Cambrian to Recent
Class Articulata geologic range
Cambrian to Recent
Order Orthida Geologic Range
Cambrian to Permian
Order Pentamerida geologic range
Cambrian to Devonian
Order Strophomenida geologic range
Ordovician to Jurassic
Order Spiriferida geologic range
Ordovician to Jurassic
Order Rhynchonellida geologic range
Ordovician to Recent
Order Terebratulida geologic range
Devonian to Recent
Name the terms concerning the hard parts of a brachiopod
calcite shell, biconvex, strophic, nonstrophic, brachial valve, pedicle valve, teeth and sockets, delthyrium, notothyrium, fold and sulcus, pedicle foramen (opening), commissure, cardinal process, umbo, median septa, hinge line, interarea, punctate or impunctate, ornamentation (growth lines, ribs, costellae)
What are the Lingula?
from the Class Inarticulata, simple shells, have no teeth and sockets, chitinophosphatic, burrowed in sediment
Habits and niches of brachiopods
sessile (attached to a substrate), filter feeders,
Terms for the inside or soft parts of a brachiopod
lophophore, brachidium, adductor and diductor muscles, pedicle, mantle, periostracum, adjustor valve, body wall, mantle cavity, nephridium
brachidium
calcareous support of the lophophore
lophophore
feather-like or circular structure bearing tentacles for filter feeding, found in both bryozoans and brachiopods
delthyrium
opening in pedicle valve of brachiopod adjacent to hinge line, allowing exit of pedicle
notothyrium
opening in the brachial valve adjacent to and outside the hinge line, forming part of the opening for the pedicle
cardinal process
A knob at the mid-line of brachial valve interior to which the diductor muscles attach
deltidal plate
plates on either side of the pedicle opening (delthyrium) in the pedicle valve. They constrict the opening or even close it off completely
Phylum Mollusca geologic range
Cambrian to recent
Class Polyplacophora range
Upper Cambrian to recent
Class Scaphopoda range
Ordovician to recent
Class Gastropoda range
Upper Cambrian to recent
Class Bivalvia range
Cambrian to recent
Class Rostroconchia range
Lower Cambrian to recent
Class Cephalopoda range
Upper Cambrian to recent
Subclass Nautiloidea range
Upper Cambrian to recent
Subclass Ammonoidea range
Devonian to Cretaceous
Subclass Coleoida range
Carboniferous to recent
Suture line patterns
Goniatitic, ceratitic and ammonitic
Phylum Bryozoa range
Ordovician to recent
Important mollusca features
bilateral symmetry, coelomate, visceral mass, ventral foot (or tentacles in cephalopods), shell of calcium carbonate, head (except bivalves) with radula (ribbon with teeth) and mantle
bivalve features
two siphons, most burrow, complete digestive system, only have adductor muscles, pallial line, palatial sinus (burrowing only), dentition
cone-like bivalves
Cretaceous rudistids: Gryphaea and Exogyra
Ways to determine the anterior of a bivalve
- ligamental nymphs - when present, are posterior to beaks 2. pallial sinus is always posterior 3. If only one adductor muscle scar, it is posterior. If two but one is significantly larger, it is posterior. 4. If beaks lie near one end of shell, the shorter end is usually anterior. 5. If one end tapers to a narrow rostrum, it is posterior.
gastropod features
coiled shell, aperture, whorls, inner lip and outer lip of aperture, suture, visceral foot, siphons, siphonal canal, whorl shelf
cephalopod features
totally marine, fastest and most complex of the mollusca, tentacles, eyes
nautiloid features
aragonite shell,
