Pain terminology Flashcards
IASP stands for?
international association for the study of pain
IASP defines pain as?
an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage
Is pain subjective?
YES
How does each individual learn the meaning of pain?
through experiences related to injury in early life
Pain has a ______ value for all organisms
survival
Biologists recognize that those stimuli or illness that cause pain are likely to do what to tissue?
damage it
Pain is an experience we associate with actual or potential what damage?
tissue damage
Pain is unpleasant, so what experience is also associated with it?
emotional experience
Is pain and nociception the same thing?
no, they aren’t the same entity
Pain is
a conscious experience that results from brain activity in response to a noxious stimulus and engages the sensory, emotional and cognitive processes of the brain
Nociception is
the process by which information about a noxious stimulus in conveyed to the brain
- it is the total sum of neural activity that occurs prior to cognitive processes that enable humans to identify a sensation as pain
Is nociception sufficient enough for the experience of pain?
No
Is pain associated with past experiences?
Yes
IASP definition:
nociception
electrochemical activity of nerve receptors and fibers caused by stimulation that is potentially dangerous to the organism
IASP definition:
nociceptor
a nerve receptor preferentially sensitive to nociceptive stimulation or to stimulation that becomes nociceptive if it persists
IASP definition:
nociceptive
stimulation of sufficient intensity to activate nociceptors, and even produce a tissue lesion
IASP definition:
algia
localized pain without presuming its cause (i.e. “lumbalgia”)
Where is the term “algia” often used?
as an affix to indicate an increase or decrease in pain
-hyper/hypoalgesia
IASP definition:
antalgic/ analgesic
pertaining to the reduction of pain
IASP definition:
paresthesia
a spontaneous or provoked unusual sensation (not painful)
Terms for decreased sensation
- Hypoesthesia
- Hypoalgesia
- Anesthesia
- Analgesia
Hypoesthesia
a decrease in sensitivity to non-noxious stimulation
Hypoalgesia
a decrease in pain in response to typically noxious stimulation, refers to an unusually low nociceptive threshold
Allodynia
pain produced by typically non-noxious stimuli
Is pain subjective to cultural differences?
yes
Is pain universal and subjective?
yes
T/F: Pain isn’t context-dependent.
False; it is
- examples:
young man undergoing painful tribal rituals vs.
pain associated with a clinical pathology
Why is pain clinically significant?
- pain is part of almost every serious illness
- It is the 2nd most common reason for people to seek medical attention
- Pain is the #1 reason patients seek chiropractic care
What does it mean that nociceptive pathways are highly conserved?
Nociceptive neural networks that are homologous across all mammalian species
- all organisms must be able to detect and appropriately react to noxious and potentially harmful stimuli
Does nociception interact with one or multiple physiological and neural systems?
multiple
- Neural network
- Neurohumoral systems
- Neuroimmune systems
