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Cancer and Pain > Pain Medications > Flashcards

Pain Medications Flashcards

0
Q

Ketorolac (Toradol)

A

acetic acid derivatives (non-opioid analgesic)

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1
Q

Indomethacin

A

Acetic acid derivative (non-opioid analgesic)

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2
Q

ASA

A

non-opioid analgesic

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3
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex)

A

COX2 Inhibitors (Non-opioid analgesic)

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4
Q

meloxicam (Mobic)

A

enolic acid derivative (non-opioid analgesic)

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5
Q

Non-opioid analgesics work by:

A

blocking peripheral pain impulses causing an analgesic response

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6
Q

Drug types in the category of non-opioid analgesics include (4)

A

salicylates
NSAIDs
acetaminophen
Cox2 inhibitors

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7
Q

Do not take acetaminophen in what type of disease process?

A

severe liver disease

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8
Q

What are contraindications to taking salicylates?

A

bleeding risks
allergy
do not use in children

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9
Q

What are the signs of salicylate toxicity?

A

tinnitus, hearing loss, metabolic acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, CNS depression, hypoglycemia

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10
Q

What are the GI side effects of non-opioid analgesics?

A

dyspepsia, heartburn, nausea (common), vomiting, anorexia, GI bleeding (less common)

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11
Q

What is a renal side effect of NSAIDs?

A

renal failure

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12
Q

What is a hematologic side effect of non-opioids? (not acetaminophen)

A

bleeding, decreased platelet aggregation

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13
Q

What are the nursing care actions for non-opioids?

A

pain assessment and monitoring for side/adverse effects

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14
Q

What should the nurse teach about non-opioid analgesia?

A

administration guidelines
effective pain control strategies
non-pharmacologic options
side effect management

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15
Q

Morphine

A

opioid analgesic

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16
Q

MSIR, MS Contin

A

opioid analgesic

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17
Q

hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

A

opioid analgesic

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18
Q

fentanyl citrate

A

opioid analgesic

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19
Q

codeine

A

opioid analgesic

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20
Q

oxycodone

A

opioid analgesic

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21
Q

oxycontin/oxyIR/combinations (e.g. Percocet)

A

opioid analgesic

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22
Q

hydrocodone combinations (Vicodin, Lortab)

A

opioid analgesic

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23
Q

meperidine

A

opioid analgesic

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24
Q

Morphine is used for:

A

severe pain

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25
Q

What is important to know about Morphine? (3)

A

It has a high abuse potential
It comes in many dosage forms
It has extended release options

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26
Q

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) 1 mg is equal to how many mg of morphine sulfate?

A

8 mg of Morphine Sulfate

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27
Q

0.1 mg of fentanyl citrate is equal to how many mg of morphine sulfate?

A

10 mg morphine sulfate IVP

28
Q

What is important to know about Codiene? (3)

A

It is less effective than morphine
it has a dose ceiling
it often causes GI upset

29
Q

Oxycodone is structurally similar to ______ _______.

A

Morphine sulfate

30
Q

Hydrocodone is a stronger/weaker opioid?

A

weaker

31
Q

Meperidine has toxic effects on what?

A

the CNS

32
Q

What are contraindications of opioid therapy? (7)

A
  1. allergy
  2. severe asthma
  3. respiratory insufficiency
  4. elevated ICP
  5. morbid obesity and/or OSA
  6. myasthenia gravis
  7. paralytic ileus
33
Q

What are possible side effects of opioids? (6)

A
  1. itching (most common)
  2. nausea/vomiting
  3. respiratory depression
  4. constipation
  5. urinary retention
  6. overdose
34
Q

What are important nursing actions related to opioid analgesics?

A

pain assessment
monitor for side/adverse effects
careful dose titration
monitor for breakthrough pain

35
Q

What patient teaching is important for opioids?

A

administration guidelines (take as soon as you start to feel pain)
effective pain control strategies
non-pharmacologic options
side effect management

36
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants can be used as:

A

adjuvant pain therapy

37
Q

SSNRIs can be used as

A

adjuvant pain therapy

38
Q

anticonvulsants can be used as:

A

adjuvant pain therapy

39
Q

amitriptyline (Elavil)

A

TCA used as adjuvant pain therapy

40
Q

imipramine (tofranil)

A

TCA used as adjuvant pain therapy

41
Q

Venlafexine (Effexor)

A

SSNRI used as adjuvant pain therapy

42
Q

duloxetine (Cymbalta)

A

SSNRI used as adjuvant pain therapy

43
Q

bupropion (Wellbutrin)

A

SSNRI used as adjuvant pain therapy

44
Q

carbamazapine (Tegretol)

A

Anticonvulsant used as adjuvant pain therapy

45
Q

phenytoin (Dilantin)

A

Anticonvulsant used as adjuvant pain therapy

46
Q

gabapentin (Neurontin)

A

Anticonvulsant used as adjuvant pain therapy

47
Q

pregabalin (Lyrica)

A

Anticonvulsant used as adjuvant pain therapy

48
Q

lamotrigine (Lamictal)

A

Anticonvulsant used as adjuvant pain therapy

49
Q

Adjuvant pain therapy mostly consists of:

A

anticonvulsant drugs

50
Q

How do anticonvulsants help with pain therapy?

A

Decreases CNS transmission resulting in decreased nerve pain

51
Q

How do antidepressants help with pain therapy?

A

increase serotonin decreasing pain sensation

52
Q

What kind of pain is adjuvant pain therapy used to treat?

A

neuropathic pain, migraines, adjuvant to muscle pain

53
Q

what are contraindications of adjuvant pain therapy?

A

These drugs will increase CNS depression from other meds?

54
Q

What side effects could TCAs have?

A 
ACH triad (blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention)
orthostatic hypotension
sedation
55
Q

What side effects could anticonvulsant medications have?

A

dizziness, drowsiness, sedated, confusion, diplopia, poor coordination

56
Q

SSNRIs have what possible side effects?

A

ACH triad (blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention)
insomnia/sedation
headache
nausea

57
Q

Nursing care associated with adjuvant pain therapy

A

pain assessment

monitor for side/adverse effects

58
Q

What patient teaching is important for adjuvant pain therapy?

A

Administration guidelines
effective pain control strategies
non-pharmacologic options
effects will take time to manifest

59
Q

What is a contraindication of COX2 inhibitors?

A

cardiac history or risks

60
Q

Opioids work by:

A

binding to pain receptors in the brain causing an analgesic response

61
Q

What would be a contraindication for COX2 inhibitors?

A

cardiac history or risks

62
Q

What are contraindications of NSAIDs?

A

bleeding risks
severe renal or hepatic disease
do not use in last trimester of pregnancy

63
Q

celecoxib (Celebrex) is usually used for what type of pain if it is not helped by other analgesics?

A

joint pain

64
Q

Non-Opioids work best for what type of pain?

A

mild to moderate, primarily work locally

65
Q

How would a nurse assess for severe side effect of NSAIDs?

A

Renal failure can be assessed by urine output, BUN, creatinine, GFR

66
Q

How should codeine be taken?

A

with food due to high incidence of GI upset

67
Q

Oxycontin and MS Contin should be given how often?

A

q24h

68
Q

MSIR and oxyIR should be given how often?

A

Immediate release, give every 4-6 hours as directed

Cancer and Pain (2 decks)

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