Pain Management (done) Flashcards
What is acute pain
Begging suddenly and usually sharp in quality
May be caused by an event and circumstances
What is chronic pain
Pain that carries on for longer than 12weeks despite medication or treatment
What are the types of nociceptive pain
It can either be somatic or visceral
Examples of nociceptive pain that is somatic
Skin, muscles, joints, tendon, connective tissues
Examples of visceral pain that is nociceptive
Pain arising from internal organs
What is neuropathic pain
Chronic pain due to damage to or abnormal function of nervous system
Pain may increase with temperature changes
How do people describe pain that’s neuropathic
Burning, numbness, shooting, stabbing, tingling, pins and needles
What is referred pain
Pain that is perceived elsewhere than it’s true site or pain which occurs at a distance from the place or organs
Why does referred pain happen
It happens due to the nerve signals that can confuse the brain
Lots of sensory nerves can enter the spinal cord at the same level, the brain cannot diffentiate specifically enough to work out where the pain is
What are the problems with assessing the amount of pain pt is in
Pt changes in level of consciousness Fear/anxiety Other substances Other injuries Preconceived ideas
What is the model to assess pain
Old carts
What does oldcarts stand for
Onset Location Duration Character Aggregating factors/ associated symptoms Relieving factors / radiation Timing and treatment Severity
What are non pharmacological methods to help manage pain
Psychological- reassurance, distraction
Physical- position, warmth, splinting, dressing
What are pharmacological methods to treat pain
Paracetamol
Ibuprofen
Opioids ( morphine)
Nitrous oxide ( gas and air)
What is the stepwise approach to pain management
Non opioid analgesic
Weak opioid
Strong opioid
