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Pharmacology > Pain And Inflammation > Flashcards

Pain And Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Name corticosteroids

A

§ Fludrocortisone

§ Hydrocortisone/dexamethasone

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2
Q

MOA of fludrocortisone

A

Mineralocorticoid (electrolyte and water metabolism)

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3
Q

MOA of hydrocortisone

A

§ Increase lipocortin (inhibits phospholipase A2)

§ Is a glucocorticoid

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4
Q

Main effects of glucocorticoids

A 
§ Anti-inflammatory
§ Immunosuppressant
§ Stimulates gluconeogenisis
§ Glycogen deposition
§ Natural protein/lipid/calcium metabolism
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5
Q

Use of fludrocortisone

A

§ Replace aldosterone in adrenal insufficiency (e.g. Addison’s)
§ Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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6
Q

Use of hydrocortisone

A 
§ Anaphylaxis
§ angioedema
§ Rashes
§ Eczema
§ Gout
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7
Q

Side effects of fludrocortisone

A 
§ Na & water retension
§ Oedema
§ Hypertension
§ Headache
§ Hypokalaemia
§ Muscle weakness
§ Fatigue
§ Immunosuppression
§ Depression
§ Weight gain
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8
Q

Side effects of hydrocortisone

A

Dryness

Itching

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9
Q

Admin of fludrocortisone

A

Oral

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10
Q

Admin of hydrocortisone

A

Oral, IV, topical

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11
Q

Name anti-leukotriene drugs

A

Zileuton

Montelukast

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12
Q

MoA of zileuton

A

Active inhibitor of 5-lipo-oxygenase

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13
Q

MoA of montelukast

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

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14
Q

Use of zileuton

A

Asthma

Co-existent allergic rhinitis

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15
Q

Use of montekulast

A

§ Asthma
§ Co-existent allergic rhinitis
§ Additive interaction with inhaled corticosteroids

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16
Q

Zileuton side effects

A

Sinusitis

Nausea

17
Q

Montekulast side effects

A 
§ GIT disturbances
§ Headaches
§ Hypersensitivity
§ Sleep disorders
§ Bleeding
18
Q

Admin of anti-leukotrienes

A

Oral

19
Q

Name types of NSAIDs

A

Non-selective COX-2 inhibitors

Selective COX-2 inhibitors

20
Q

Can NSAIDs be combined?

A

No

21
Q

Name non-selective COX-2 inhibitors

A 
Aspirin
Diclophenac
Indomethacin
Piroxicam
Ibuprofen 
Naproxen
Mefenamic acid
22
Q

Name selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Celecoxib

Etoricoxib

23
Q

MoA of non-selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Competitive inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2

24
Q

MoA of selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Inhibition of COX-2 only

25
Q

MoA of aspirin

A

§ Irreversible non-selective COX-2 inhibitor
§ Inhibit thromboxane production
§ Biotransformed by glycine conjugation in liver
§ Excreted in urine

26
Q

MoA of paracetamol

A

Reversible non-competitive inhibition of COX-1 & COX-2

27
Q

MoA of celecoxib

A

Selective COX-2 inhibitor

28
Q

Use of non-selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Analgesic
Antipyretic
Anti-inflammatory
Closure of ductus arteriosus

29
Q

Use of Selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Analgesic
Antipyretic
Anti-inflammatory
Closure of ductus arteriosus

30
Q

Use of aspirin

A

Analgesic
Antipyretic
Anti-inflammatory
Prevent MI, stroke, & clots

31
Q

Use of paracetamol

A

Analgesic

Antipyretic

32
Q

Use of celecoxib

A

Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Acute pain
Menstrual pain

33
Q

Non-selective COX-2 inhibitor side effects

A 
Stomach bleeding & ulceration
Increased bleeding time
Renal vasoconstriction
Prolonged gestation/bleeding if pregnant
Hypersensitivity
Tinnitus
34
Q

Side effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors

A

Increased Thromboxane A2
Inhibit prostaglandins in renal vasculature
MI/stroke

35
Q

Aspirin side effects

A 
§ Stomach bleeding & ulcers
§ Increased bleeding time
§ renal vasoconstriction 
§ prolonged gestation/bleeding if pregnant
§ hypersensitivity (rash/bronchospasm)
§ Tinnitus
36
Q

Aspirin contraindications

A

Rey’s syndrome (in children)
Pregnancy
Gout

37
Q

Paracetamol side effects

A

(Mild to non-existent)
Skin rash
Allergic reactions
Hepatic necrosis (in acute overdose)

38
Q

Treatment of acute paracetamol overdose

A

N-acetylcysteine

39
Q

Celecoxib side effects

A

GI bleeding & ulcers
MI/stroke
Renal vasoconstriction

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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