Pain Flashcards
1
Q
What is the WHO analgesic ladder?
A
Stepwise approach to pain management
- Simple analgesic
- paracetamol
- NSAID - Weak opioid
- codeine
- tramadol - stronger opioid
- morphine
2
Q
What are the simple analgesics?
A
Paracetamol and/or NSAID
3
Q
Paracetamol mechanism of action
A
COX-2 inhibition in spinal cord
4
Q
NSAID mechanism of action
A
COX-1 inhibition
5
Q
Side effects of NSAIDs
A
Gastric ulceration
Renal impairment
Asthma sensitivity
Bleeding risk
6
Q
What are the weak opiates?
A
Codeine
Tramadol
7
Q
What are the strong opiates?
A
Morphine
Oxycodone
Fentanyl
8
Q
Opiate mechanism of action
A
Opioid receptor agonist
9
Q
Side effects of opiates
A
Constipation
Nausea
Sedation
Respiratory depression
