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pharmacy otc learning > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the common causes of child pain?

A 
colic
fever
teething
sore ears
headache (less common)
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2
Q

when does colic start?

A

generally, from 2 weeks-4 months old

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3
Q

How is colic characterised?

A

with bouts of screaming in an otherwise thriving baby

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4
Q

what causes colic?

A

colic is not harmful, but it is distressing.

caused by either swallowing air during feeding, or lactose intolerance in young babies.

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5
Q

What is a fever?

A

an important component in the body’s defence system against infection, as a higher than normal temperature weakens infecting bugs.

children are susceptible, and sometimes get febrile convulsions (related to a steep rise in temperature)

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6
Q

What is teething pain?

A

Common for the growing of the first set of teeth

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7
Q

what are the symptoms of teething pain?

A

irritability
drooling
flushed cheeks

chewing on everything
feeding problems

diarrhoea
red, spotty nappy rash

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8
Q

what often occurs with teething?

A

fever
diarrhoea,
respiratory infections

reason is unclear

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9
Q

What is sore ear pain in children?

A

usually caused by otitis media- middle ear inflammation

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10
Q

What are the 3 main sections of the ear?

A

outer
middle
inner

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11
Q

Which tube links the nose and the throat to the ear?

A

eustachian tube

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12
Q

how does the middle ear become inflammed?

A

when viruses or bacteria travel from the nose to the ear.

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13
Q

What causes pain in otitis media?

A

blockage of the eustachian tube

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14
Q

Why are ear infections more common in children?

A

their Eustachian tubes are smaller, shorter and flatter and are more easily blocked during headcolds. They don’t function as well as in older children and adults.

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15
Q

What are the main symptoms of otitis media in children?

A

cry/distressed/irritable
disturbed sleep particularly at start of infection
be harder to settle to sleep
vomit, lose interest in eating, lack of energy,
clingy.

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16
Q

How long does an ear infection last?

A

not long, usually wearing off within 24 hours

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17
Q

What causes the dull abnormal feeling after an ear infection

A

effusion (build up of fluid)
this can last several weeks - months.
may also cause short term decrease in hearing in that ear.

18
Q

What questions should you ask the customer regarding pain in children?

A 
WHO- baby or older child
WHAT symptoms
HOW long symptoms have persisted
ACTION - what has been tried
MEDICINES - what other meds the person is taking/health conditions they may have
19
Q

When do you refer child pain & teething to the pharmacist?

A

child <5 years
child on other meds/medical conditions
Child with symptoms (sinus/ear pain, feeling unwell (fever), secretions from ear(s))

20
Q

What are the treatment options for child pain& teething?

A

Paracetamol/Ibuprofen for Pain&Fever
(ibuprofen better as it has the anti-inflam action as well.)

choline salicylate (bonjela) for teething gel.

21
Q

What are the medicine precautions that should be emphasised in child pain&teething

A

avoid nsaids in children in asthma

aspirin not to be used by children<12 years

recommend children given measured doses of medicines- use dropers, cups, spoons or oral syringes

22
Q

Why should children <12 years not take Aspirin?

A

it has been linked with Reye’s syndrome, particularly after a viral illness

23
Q

What advice can be given to customers regarding child pain & teething?

A

Refer to plunket/maternity carer for feeding technique review for babies with colic

check termometer is correctly used in fever (take temp at least 10 mins after something hot/cold has been eaten/drunk)

Use chilled teething rings/dry rusks to help relieve sore gums in teething

warm ear drop bottles in hands (makes it more flowy) before putting drops in the ear.

24
Q

What are examples of oral paracetamol - liquids products?

A

panadol colour free suspension
your pharmacy double strength paracetamol suspension
pamol colour free infant drops,
Pamol all ages

25
Q

What are the features of Panadol colour-free suspension?

A

Available as paracetamol 120mg/5mL or 250mg/5mL

26
Q

what are the benefits of panadol colour free suspension?

A

Relieves pain and fever assoc. with headache, earache, immunisation, symptoms of cold and flu, toothache.

ALWAYS refer to dosage instructions on packet. Refer all children under 2 years to the Pharmacist

27
Q

What are the features of Your Pharmacy double strength paracetamol suspension?

A

comes in paracetamol 250mg/5mL

28
Q

what are the benefits of YP double strength paracetamol suspension?

A

Stronger strength is more suitable in younger and older children. This strength gives a smaller dose amount for older children.

Refer all children <2 years to the pharmacist

29
Q

What ar the features of Pamol colourfree infant drops

A

Comes with paracetamol 50mg/1mL with inbuilt measuring dispenser

30
Q

What are the benefits of pamol colour free infant drops?

A

Dispenser = easy, safe and accurate dosing.

Dosages can be given to children <2years to the pharmacist.

doses for older children can be given with water/fruit juice.

31
Q

What are the features of Pamol all ages?

A

available as paracetamol 250mg/5mL suspension in orange and strawberry flavours. Both colour free.

32
Q

What are the benefits of Pamol all ages?

A

can be used for children from 1 year and above

HOWEVER still refer children <2 years to pharmacist.

The higher strength gives a smaller dose amount for older children to swallow.

33
Q

What are the oral ibuprofen liquid products?

A

YP ibuprofen suspension 200mL

Nurofen Child

34
Q

What are the features of YP ibuprofen suspension 200mL?

A

contains Ibuprofen 100mg/5mL suspension.

sugar free.

35
Q

What are the benefits of YP ibuprofen suspension 200mL?

A

Child friendly
Sugar free
Given to children >1 year.
Refer to pharmacist if Child <1 year

36
Q

What are the teething gel products?

A

bonjela teething gel

ora-sed jel

37
Q

What are the features of bonjela teething gel?

A

contains choline salicylate 8.7%

sugar free

38
Q

what are the benefits of bonjela teething gel?

A

relieves pain
suitable for infants >4 months
massage into gums every 3 hours(?)

39
Q

What ar the features of ora-sed gel?

A

contains choline salicylate 9%

raspberry flavoured

sugar free

40
Q

What are the benefits of ora-sed jel?

A

relieves pain
child friendly flavour
suitable for babies > 4 months old
massage into gums 3 hourly.

pharmacy otc learning (3 decks)

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