pain Flashcards
what is chronic pain
Pain that extends for at least 3-6 month
1960s pain theory proposed by melzack and wall
gate control theory
what is gate control theory?
unique and highly interconnected role of neurophysiological pathways, thoughts, emotions and behaviour in determining the experience of pain
approach which describes pain purely in physical terms, originating from 17th century when descartes promoted mind-body dualism
biomedical approach
According to the gate control theory model, the immediate experience of pain entails which 3 interconnected neurological brain mechanisms
sensory, evaluative and affective/motivational.
pain network within the brain
neuromatrix of pain
pain is the result of __activity
supraspinal
process of pain perception
nociception
what are the four primary elements of nociception
transduction, transmission, modulation, perception
the process by which pain receptors detect painful stimuli and convert them to an electrical message
transduction
the delivery of the electrical pain message to the spinal column and brain.
transmission
specific parts of the brain including cognitive and emotional processing areas, are directly involved in sending inhibitory signals that modulate the experience of pain
modulation
the result of the neuromatrix of pain processing areas in the brain that process the pain signal, causing perception of pain
perception
specliased neuronal pathways
nociceptive system
nociceptive system is part of the larger __ system
somatosensory
a loss in corical regional grey matter volume has been found for a number of chronic pain conditions
true
engel proposed 40 years ago which redefined illness as an entity that was not independent of psychological, social and behavioral forces
biopsychosocial model
lazarus and folkman described which 3 forms of primary appraisals, based on which pain may be judged?
threat, loss/harm, challenge.
within chronic pain populations, rates of comorbid depressive disorders have been found to be approx __ to __%
40-50
