Pain Flashcards

0
Q

What distinguishes acute from chronic pain?

A

Effect on heart rate, respirations, and blood pressure, dilation of pupils, and sweating

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1
Q

How many levels can medication bring down a person’s pain?

A

2-3

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2
Q

Pain is an activation of which nervous system?

A

Sympathetic

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3
Q

How long does pain have to persist for it to be chronic?

A

3 months

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4
Q

What are characteristics of chronic pain?

A

It is poorly localized and often accompanied by depression

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5
Q

What are the categories of pain?

A

Localized, projected, radiating, and referred

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6
Q

Which two specific fibers transmit periphery pain?

A

A delta fibers and C fibers

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7
Q

What are the sources of pain?

A

Nociceptive and Neuropathic

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8
Q

When assessing pain, what should be considered?

A

Precipitating or palliative, quality or quantity, region or radiation, severity scale, and timing

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9
Q

What are the drug groups of pain medication?

A

Non-opioids, opioids, and adjuvants

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10
Q

How do opioids treat pain?

A

They block the release of neurotransmitters in the spinal cord

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11
Q

What are the side effects of opioids?

A

Nausea, vomiting, constipation, sedation, and respiratory depression

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12
Q

Why should you not use heating pads when administering pain medication?

A

They cause the meds to be absorbed quicker

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13
Q

When a patient complains of a pain level of 1-3, which type of medication should they be given?

A

Non-opioids

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14
Q

When a patient complains of a pain level of 4-6, which type of pain medication should they be given?

A

Weak opioids along or with adjuvant drugs

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15
Q

When a patient complains of a pain level of 7-10, which type of medication should they be given?

A

Strong opioids

16
Q

What types of nonpharmalogical measures can be taken to reduce pain?

A

Physical measures, physical and occupational therapy, and cognitive/behavioral measures

17
Q

What are types of physical interventions that can relieve pain?

A

Application of heat, cold, or pressure, therapeutic touch, massage, and vibration

18
Q

What are cognitive and behavioral strategies used as adjuncts to drug therapy to reduce pain?

A

Distraction, imagery, relaxation techniques, hypnosis, acupuncture, and glucosamine

19
Q

What invasive techniques can be used to control chronic pain when drugs or other methods are ineffective?

A

Nerve blocks and spinal cord stimulation

20
Q

What should a pain assessment include?

A

Level of consciousness, vital sign changes, and pain characteristics