Pain Flashcards
How does the CNS and PNS process pain stimuli?
Nociceptors activate pathways and person feels pain
What psychological factors lead to patient experiencing pain?
Mood, catastrophizing, stress, coping
Disease severity, nociception, inflammation, and brain function are ______ factors that lead to patient experiencing pain.
Biological
Social environment, economic factors, social support and culture are _________ factors that lead to a patient experiencing pain.
Social
Stimulus that causes patient to sense pan is called the _______
Pain threshold
The amount of stimulus a patient is willing to accept is called ________
Pain tolerance
A sudden or slow onset of any intensity; constant a recurring lasting longer than 6 months is ______ pain
Chronic pain
Arthritis, back pain, and headaches are examples of which type of pain
Chronic pain
Nerve pain arising from somatosensory system; described as intense, shooting or burning “pins and needles”, intense itching is _______ pain.
Neuropathic pain
Diabetic neuropathy, phantom limb pain, and pain associated with spinal cord injury are all examples of which type of pain.
Neuropathic pain
Pain that is felt in the tissue, an organ, joints, muscles, skin, bones, damaged part of body; localized and described as throbbing or aching is ________ pain.
Nociceptive pain
A sudden or slow onset of any intensity and anticipated or predictable end; lasts less than 6 months is ______ pain.
Acute pain
Tissue damaged caused by trauma or injury, incisional pain from surgery, pain from environmental factors (heat/cold) are all examples of which type of pain?
Acute pain
Involved tumor pain, bone paint and treatment-associated pains such as chronic post-surgical pain, radiation induced pain and neuropathies related to chemotherapy is ______ pain
Cancer pain
Subjective indicators of pain are…
Pain scale and descriptors (categorization of pain, location, length of time of pain, what relieves pain, how it radiates)
Objective indicators of pain are…
Grimacing, guarding, crying
Collect VS, lab tests, imaging reports, perform assessments
PQRST mnemonic stands for
Precipitating “where were you going when pain started”
Quality “describe pain”
Region “show me location of pain”
Severity “on scale of 0-10”
Timing “when did this first begin”
Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale is for which age group of patients ?
3+ years
FLAC scale is for which age range patient?
2months- 7 years
CRIES scale is for which age range of patient?
Postoperative neonates (newborn)
Revised- NVPS is for which age range patient?
Nonverbal adults
Burn units/critical care, sedation, mechanical ventilation
FLAC scale stands for ….
Face
Legs
Activity
Cry
Consolability
CRIES scale stands for …
Crying (for cried <4 pain assessment should be completed)
Requires oxygen
Increased vital signs
Expression
Sleepness
Cutaneous stimulation is _____ and _____ therapy, touch, massage, acupressure,and ________________ unit.
Heat and cold
Transcutaneous electronic stimulation (TENS) unit
Distraction, relaxation, imagery, and music therapy are all part of _____ pain management .
Cognitive
Therapeutic touch is shown to improve______
Mood, well being, decrease pain, nausea, anxiety and fatigue
For cutaneous stimulation heat and cold therapy should be applied ____ min on and ___ min off.
20 min for both
A low voltage pulse to skin over painful areas is used for which type of pain management ?
Transcutaneous electronic stimulation
Applying shock waves is which type of pain management ?
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy
