Pain Flashcards
wwwwhat is neuropathic pain?
a type of chroinc pain caused by nerve damage . is no longer a protective type of pain as it originates form the nervous system.
what sort of analgesics are used to treat neuropathic pains?
NSAIDs and Opiods. (morphine like analgesics)
can also be treated with cannabis and antidepressants can also be co prescribed as chronic pain can have effect on emotions with dealing with long term pains.
what is Pain?
the effect of noxious stimuli behavior that is a concequence of higher order processing in the brain whihc is a very subjective phenomenom
what is nociception?
The physiological process of detection of a noxious stimulus and tissue damage.
what are the features of Aalpha and Abeta nociceptive fibres?
myelinated
large diameter
propiception (ability to sense movement) and light touch
what are Adelta fibres for?
main nociceptive fibres and are able to react to a range of stimuli.
they have a higher threshold for activation.
lightly myleinated and have a medium diameter.
detect initital nociceptiion to localise the site of injury.
what are C fibres for?
provide a longer lasting and delayed pain response. they are unmyelinated and have smaller diamters. hence their slower conductance velocity.
what is the pathway for discrimative detection of pain?
sensory nerves travel from the periphery and then enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root. cross the midline and synapse with secondary neurones that go up the spinothalamic tract where they enter the thalamus and then the somatosensory cortex.
what is the pathway for discrimative detection of pain?
sensory nerves travel from the periphery and then enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root. cross the midline and synapse with secondary neurones that go up the spinothalamic tract where they enter the thalamus and then the somatosensory cortex.
how is effective emotional pain received?
up the spinoreticulothalamic tract that goes to the limbic system in the brain where affective motivaitonal aspects of pain can be reeived
describe the desending pathway of pain regulation?
from the cortex in the brain down to the thalamus where it then goes to the preiaqueductal grey in the midbrain (PAG). then to teh rostal ventral medulla (RVM) fianlly to the DRG.
what fibres get ativated at inital tissue trauma?
Adelta.
what is hyperalgesia?
where a lower stimulus intensity produces a more painful response.
what causes peripheral sensitiztion?
where the noxious stimuli leads to a release of moeelcules form the surrounding tissues that has undergone damage that leads to the sensitization of the nerve terminal.
these molecules can be 5-HT, bradykinin, prostoglandins etc.
increases exctiablity of the nerves.
What do substance P and CGRP do?
lead to increased sensitization of C fibres.
