Pages 459-462

Question 1

During natural selection, individuals do not change

Answer 1

only the population does. Natural selection acts on the individuals, but the evolutionary change occurs in the population.

Question 2

An individual’s heritable characteristics don’t change when natural selection occurs.

Answer 2

Natural selection just sorts existing variants – it doesn’t change them.

Question 3

Acclimatization

Answer 3

change in an individual’s phenotype that occurs in response to a change in natural environmental conditions. Does not cause evolution.

Question 4

adaptations

Answer 4

do not occur because an organism needs or wants them. constrained by history because all traits have evolved from previously existing traits.

Question 5

complex traits

Answer 5

routinely lost or simplified over time as a result of evolution by natural selection.

Question 6

Good-of-the-species hypothesis

Answer 6

maintains that the behavior evolved because the group benefits.

Question 7

genetic correlation

Answer 7

occur because of pleiotropy, in which a single allele affects multiple traits.

Question 8

fitness trade-off

Answer 8

compromise between traits, in terms of how those traits perform in the environment.

Question 9

Lack of genetic variation helps determine

Answer 9

what traits are selected for during natural selection.

Question 10

every adaptation is a compromise

Answer 10

because selection acts on many traits at once.