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Question 1

reagents and melted paraffin are moved sequentially into and out of the retort
chamber using vacuum and pressure

Answer 1

VACUUM TISSUE PROCESSOR

Question 2

each step is customized by adding time, temperature and/or vacuum/pressure

Answer 2

VACUUM TISSUE PROCESSOR

Question 3

employ alarm systems and diagnostic programs for trouble-shooting
instrumentation malfunction

Answer 3

VACUUM TISSUE PROCESSOR

Question 4

ADVANTAGES OF VACUUM TISSUE PROCESSOR

Answer 4

✓ vacuum and heat can be applied at any stage
✓ customized schedules for tissue processing produced
✓ fluid spillage contained
✓ fumes eliminated

Question 5

Shortens processing time (hours → minutes)

Answer 5

MICROWAVE OVEN

Question 6

Diffusion of the solutions into the tissue is stimulated by increasing the
specimen’s internal heat

Answer 6

MICROWAVE OVEN

Question 7

REAGENTS FOR MICROWAVE OVENS

Answer 7

1. ETHANOL
2. ISOPROPANOL OR PROPRIETARY ALCOHOL MIXTURES
3. PARAFFIN

Question 8

ADVANTAGES OF MICROWAVE OVEN

Answer 8

✓ Eliminates toxic fumes and the use of carcinogens
✓ Provides uncompromised morphology and antigenicity of specimens
✓ Increased efficiency
✓ Environmentally friendly reagents
✓ Greater profitability

Question 9

DISADVANTAGES OF MICROWAVE OVEN

Answer 9

X manual manipulation of solutions
X cost of laboratory-grade microwaves
X proper use of microwave requires calibration and monitoring

Question 10

Enclosed processor that uses microwave technology, vacuum infiltration and
“molecular-friendly” proprietary reagents

Answer 10

CONTINUOUS INPUT RAPID TISSUE PROCESSOR

Question 11

Tissue cassettes are moved through stations with the following reagents:

Answer 11

1. Acetone
2. Isopropanol
3. Polyethylene glycol
4. Mineral oil
5. Paraffin

Question 12

Microwaves and agitation accelerate the diffusion of solvents in the tissue

Answer 12

CONTINUOUS INPUT RAPID TISSUE PROCESSOR

Question 13

ADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS INPUT RAPID TISSUE PROCESSOR

Answer 13

✓ Acceptance of tissues into the system at time intervals
✓ Reagents used are environmentally safe
✓ Morphology and quality of the specimens is consistent with that of
traditional tissue processing

Question 14

DISADVANTAGES OF CONTINUOUS INPUT RAPID TISSUE PROCESSOR

Answer 14

X added cost of the processor

X grossing of the tissue samples requires standardized specimen dissection