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Paediatrics > Paeds Resp > Flashcards

Paeds Resp Flashcards

1
Q

Incidence of Rhinitis

A

very common, 5-10 per year winter months

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2
Q

treatment of rhinitis

A

self-limiting condition

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3
Q

what should you do if you are not sure about a rhinitis?

A

review

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4
Q

Otitis media incidence

A

common, self limiting

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5
Q

Si and Sy or Otitis media

A

erythema
bulging ear drum
ear pain

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6
Q

primary infection in otitis media is

A

viral

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7
Q

secondary infection in otitis media is with

A

pneumococcus/ H’ flu

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8
Q

what can happen in otitis media to the ear drum?

A

spontaneous rupture

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9
Q

do you treat Otis media with antiBs ?

A

NO does usually help

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10
Q

What DO you give for Otitis media?

A

analgesia

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11
Q

Tonisillitis / pharyngitis

common?

A

yah

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12
Q

dilemma with tonsillitis / pharyngitis is

A

viral or bacterial?

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13
Q

how do you tell if tonsillitis / pharyngitis is viral or bacterial?

A

do throat swab

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14
Q

treatment of tonsillitis / pharyngitis

A

either nothing or 10 days penicillin

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15
Q

P of Croup

A

Para’flu 1

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16
Q

is croup common?

A

yah

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17
Q

do kids with croup appear well or unwell?

A

well

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18
Q

Sy and SIs of Croup

A

Coryza ++, stridor, hoarse voice, “barking” cough

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19
Q

treatment of croup

A

oral dexamethasone

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20
Q

P of Epiglottitis

A

H. influenza Type B

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21
Q

is Epiglottitis common?

A

no rare

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22
Q

Is the child in Epiglottitis well?

A

no - toxic

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23
Q

treatment of Epiglottitis

A

intubation and antibiotics

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24
Q

Principles of management of LRTI

A

make diagnosis
assess the patient
-Oxygenation, hydration, nutrition
to treat or not to treat grey area

25
Q

is Bronchitis common?

A

yahhhhh

26
Q

what kind of cough do you get in Bronchitis?

A

loss rattly cough

mouthful of mucus coughed up

27
Q

Other Sy and Is of Bronchitis

A

post-tussive vomit “glut”

Chest free of wheeze / creps

28
Q

bugs responsible for Bronchitis

A

haemophilus / Pneumococcus

29
Q

treatment of Bronchitis

A

mostly self limiting

30
Q

how is the child in Bronchitis

A

VERY well, parent worried

31
Q

IN bacterial bronchitis is bacterial overgrowth the primary or secondary issue?

A

SECONDARY
virus first - switches of mucociliary clearance
therefore antiBs dont solve issue

32
Q

management of persistent bacterial bronchitis

A

make diagnosis
reassure
do not treat

33
Q

Incidence of Bronchiolitis

A

LRTI of INFANTS
affects 30-40% or all infants

<12 months
one off (NOT recurrent)
Typical history

34
Q

P of Bronchiolitis

A

usually RSV

35
Q

Si and Sy Bronchiolitis

A

nasal stuffiness, tachypnoea, poor feeding

crackles +/- wheeze

36
Q

management of Bronchiolitis

A

maximal observation

minimal intervention

37
Q

History of LRTI

A

48hrs, fever (>38.5), SOB, cough, grunting
wheeze makes bacterial cause unlikely
reduced or bronchial breath sounds

38
Q

Infective agents in LRTI

A

virus + commensal bacteria/bacterium

39
Q

should you call it pneumonia?

A

no, call it LRTI

40
Q

investigations in LRTI

A

nothing

CXR NOT routine

41
Q

management LRTI

A

nothing if symptoms are mild

oral amoxycillin first line

42
Q

Pertussis/ whooping cough common?

A

this is common!

43
Q

what is Pertussis/ whooping cough?

A

bronchitis caused by Bordetella pertussis infection

44
Q

S of Pertussis/ whooping cough

A

“coughing fits”

vomiting and colour change

45
Q

vaccination against Pertussis/ whooping cough reduces … and …..

A

risk and severity

46
Q

treatment of Pertussis/ whooping cough

A

supportive

47
Q

when to treat otitis media?

A

age under 2 AND bilateral OM

oral amoxycillin

48
Q

when to treat tonsillitis?

A

if you know if its Strep

penicillin 10days

49
Q

when to treat LRTI/ pneumonia

A

2 days fever, cough, focal signs

oral amoxycillin

50
Q

Solution to asthma problem
no wheeze …
if QoL affected, confirm diagnosis with trial of…
QoL not affected….

A

no asthma
ICS
watch and see

51
Q

key words in asthma

A

wheeze - genuine
variability - symtoms come and go ebb and flow
responds to treatment

52
Q

aetiology of asthma

A

“hyperactive’ airways, chronic bronchial inflammation

53
Q

S of Asthma

A 
where and difficulty in breathing 
triggers
viral URTI
cold
exercise
allergens
54
Q

other factors that increase risk of asthma

A

parental Hx asthma
eczema
hayfever
food allergies

55
Q

asthma treatment

A

ICS for 2 months

56
Q

ideal history of asthma

A

wheeze (with and without URTI)
SOB@rest
parental asthma
Responds to treatment

57
Q

treatment of asthma

A

bronchodilators -SABA
steroids - ICS
LABA + leukotriene receptor antagonist add ons

58
Q

Other management of Asthma

A

stop tobacco smoke exposure

remove environmental triggers

Paediatrics (15 decks)

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