Paeds osce must knows Flashcards
Duchenne genetics?
X-linked recessive (dads cannot pass to sons but daughters will be carriers)
petechial rash in an otherwise well child preceding viral illness?
ITP
Prader wili is an example of genetics
Imprinting
Dx pertussis?
Nasal swab
calamine cream used for?
Chicken pox rash
What Abx to use in Mycoplasma pneumonia?
erythromycin
Triad of shaken baby syndrome
Retinal Haem. + subdural Haem. + Encephalopathy
Noonan is otherwise?
male turner
newborn blood test done on?
5-9th day
Single rash patch started on abdomen which has become symmetrically distrubted rash
Pityriasis Rosea (12wk self limiting)
Chr. of Williams?
7 (e7vish features)
What age to do Sx for perthes?
> 6
hyperinflation and fluid in the horizontal fissure?
TTN -> watch and wait
What happens to AFP in Neural tube defects?
Increased
small eyes and polydactyly
pautau (PP)
7-year-old boy with learning difficulties and macrocephaly
Fragile X
Micrognathia + Low-set ears?
Edwards
Purple rash?
Necrotising Fasscitis
*think post chicken pox infection
Where is lesion in Spastic celebral palsy
UMN periventricular white matter
Swelling of head that crosses suture lines
Caput Suc
DDH B or G?
Girls
Most common heart complication in babies with diabetic women
TGA
When are kids allowed to go back to school with Slapped Cheek?
When rash appears they are no longer infectious
How many days of Otitis media with ear pain is needed before ABx can be given?
> 4 days
Repeating your speech is common in what syndrome?
Fragile X CGG
FMR1 gene Trinucleotide repeat
Epstein Anomaly heart problems =>
malforme Tricuspid + RA hypertrophy + ASD
Undescended testes increase risk of (3)
Cancer / infertility / torsion
TGA vs TOF
when do they come around
TGA => few days
TOF => 4 weeks
Classic features: cataract, deafness, cardiac abnormalities at birth?
Rubella
Rocker bottom found in?
Edwards 18
Ladd’s procedure?
malrotation
kochers criteria
is it septic or not arthritis
Neonatal blood glucose admission number
<1MMOL
Bow legs normal at what age?
<3M
1 cause of painless bleeding requiring blood transfusion in paeds
Mickels diverticulum
Twin transfusion syndrome common with what type of pregnancy? (type of sac)
Monochorionic
What happens with personality with Perthes?
Disruptive
growing pains in the morning?
Never
What type of cyst moves with swallowing
Thyroglossal
Coxakie A or B?
A
What valve issue in turners?
Bicuspid aotic valve
When does Tx for hydrocele occur?
> 12M
When to stop phototherapy?
12-18hrs check to see if >50mmol under Tx line
post head trauma => seizure => rapid recovery with no post-ictal confusion =>
Reflex Anoxic Seizure
(vagal stimulation)
If a neonate has CHD with no cyanosis, that limits your choices to the? (4)
4Ds - ASD, VSD, PDA, defected aorta (coarctation of aorta)
Laboured breathing + intermittent apnoea + <12M
Bronchiolitis
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia leads to a deficiency in what?
21-Hydroxylase
What closes the PDA?
Ibuprofen
if feeding has been reduced by >50% in bronchiolitis what to do/
PAU
*also if dehydrated needs PAU
Whats normal to have with the heart with fevers?
Soft ejection murmurs
What to always do with UTI suspect after doing a dipstick?
Microbiology culture
How many months is it normal for growth to stunt for?
3M
hyperinflation and fine crackles with low grade fever?
Bronchiolitis
most to all kids should be sitting unsupported by?
9M
How do we test measles?
PCR measles RNA
What can happen to spleen in ALL?
Splenomegaly
Erythema infectiousum / B19 can cause what complication with pain in joints?
Aplastic crisis
Gold standartd for coeliac?
Biopsy
Retinopathy of prematurity is a complication from what procedure?
artificial ventilation
1st line asthma Ix?
spirometry + bronchodilatory reversibility
Precocious puberty starts when for boys and girls
Boys <9
Girls <8
Acute epiglottis for house?
Ciprofloxacin for household
APGAR consists of what?
Appearance (muscle tone)
Pulse
Grimace (reflex)
Appearance (skin)
Respiratory
if <5 and montelukast didnt work?
Referal
left - right shunts are otherwise known as?
Acyanotic
TORCH can cause what type of l-r shunt?
VSD
DiGeorge?
22Q11
Surgical Tx for Biliary Atresia?
Kasai
Most common type of brain tumour in kids?
Astrocytomas
Does brachial cyst move with swallowing?
No
4 days from onset of rash?
Measles
What type of lymphoma associated with glandular fever?
Burkitts
Rash diseapears on face when appearing on body?
rubella
Pancreatitis caused by what type of virus?
Mumps
Croup scoring system?
Westley
(Steeple sign)
stridor post feeding?
Laryngomalaecia
CF found on what chromosome
Ch7
Tanner staging?
Puberty
Delaayed puberty ages?
> 13F
14M
- think 5 years from precocious
No rolling by what age?
No sitting unsupported?
No crawling?
Red flags
3M
12M (normal 6M)
(normal 9M)
H2H transfer age?
6M
By when should they startle to sound?
Laugh by?
6week
3M
Moro reflex diseapears by?
Babinksi reflex diseapears by when?
4M => Moro
12M => Babinski
Double bubble sign?
Duodenal atresia (hours post birth)
XR onion skin appearance on pelvis / long bones?
Ewings sarcoma
What is used in fragile X to determine?
Southern blot
Hodgkins shows what cells? What staging?
reed sternberg
Anne Harbour
Impetigo can go back to school?
48hrs post Abx
JIA boys or girls?
Girls
Salmon pink rash
Whirl sign? (intestine)
malrotation
=> Ladds procedure
When is new born blood spot done?
What does it test (4)
5-9
CF
Sickle
Congenital hypothyroidism
PKU ( +other metabolic diseases)
Femoral head flattened?
Perthes
Praddi willi on what ch?
Ch15
Angelman is?
(15)Praddi willi
=> Mum deletion
=> Imprinting
Bicuspid aorta?
Turners
White pupil
Retinoblastoma
Gabe Lewis?
Klienf
Autosomal Dominant 12?
Noonan
=> Pectus excavatum + pulmonary stenosis
tongue think?
Pierre robin
William microdeletion? (personality)
7
Cocktail party personality
Cri du Chat chr?
5
Eisenmenger Syndrome
left to right shunt
that become R - L
West syndrome (infantile spasms)
‘jack knife’ spasms that occur in clusters.
high morbidity.
Low dose of ICS?
budesonide <200ug
FEV1/FVC <0.7
Obstructive
Aminophilline mechanism?
PDE inhibitor
Non-selective adenosine
Ground glass apperance?
RDS
Hearing loss + changes in colouring pigmentation of hair skin eye
Wadernburg
Eye brows (PPPT slides)
Cornelia de lange
Red lesion protruding from birth?
Infantile haemangioma
Naevus flaemus?
Port white stain / salmon patch
Blue / dark grey spot on back?
Mongolion blue spot
Llambda sign?
diachorionic
Drawing a circle/
3
Drawing a verticle line
2
RDS vs TTN
RDS (surfactant def.lung disease) => Surfactant issue with prematurity
TTN => fluid still in lungs (C-sec)
microcephaly?
Patau
Double bubble is gas where?
Stomach + duodenal
what can keep a TGA from appearing early on?
VSD => Pancystolic murmur
keeps it acyanotic
hypotonia, macroglossia, an umbilical hernia, reduced feeding and constipation (mild soft abdominal distention)
congenital hypothyroidism
G6PD genetics
blood film findings
X-linked recessive
=> HEINZ BODIES
remnant that causes bleeding stools?
mickels diverticulum
excessive ingestion of cows milk can cause what?
IDA
Scissor walking? what area damaged
spastic CP
=> Periventricular
orbital cellulitis Tx
IV Clindamycin
When can scarlet go bak to school
24hrs post Abx
What is given to all asthma kids vaccine
influenza
egg on a string
TGA
other than the rash what el;se can B19 cause/
specific in sickle?
arthalgia
aplastic crisis
dilated bowel loops
NEc
leathery plaque
tuberous sclerosis
do they need a MCUG over 1 year?
probs not -> should have been picked up <6M
so USS + DMSA
histological changes biopsy of miminal change?
no grosly histological changes
=> Electron microscopy shows fusion of podocytes and effacement of foot processes
B19 complication of fluid?
Hydrops fitalis
Patent processus vaginalis
inguinal hernia
preceding history of feeling light headed and sweaty seizure
vasovagal syncopy
bronchiolitis obliterans organism
adenovirus
haemolytic uraemic syndrome triad?
AKI
Thrombocytopaenia
Normocytic anaemia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia inheritance?
Autosomal recessive
‘down and out’ eye
oculomotor (CN3) palsy
protected areas for chemo?
testes + CNS
penicillamine?
Wilsons copper
how to monitor hodgkins
Positron emission tomography (PET)
triad of B symptoms?
unexplained fever
unexplained weight loss
drenching sweats
myoclonic jerks up to 2 hours after waking up?
Juvenille myoclonic epilepsy
whenever a epilepsy is diagnpsed what to do next?
eEG
small penis, reduced testicle size and no facial or body hair. He also had a reduced sense of smell
Kallman
milia?
milj spotsa
bilateral acute otitis media what to do? <2yr old
Amoxicillin 5 days immeditaely
Sweensons Surgery?
Hirsprung tx
Huntingtons genetics
Anticipation (CAG)
CGG
fragile x
Lisdexamfetamine
2nd line ADHD
William’s Syndrome associated with what cardiac issue?
Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis (not cyanotic)
Haematocolpos is associated with what?
Imperofrate hymen
blood in vagina not coming out -> amenohoe
vigabatrin?
West Syndrome drug
do innocent murmurs vary with position
yes
maintance fluid levels kids
100 / 50 / 20
minimal change Tx?
Corticosteroids
if a child is vomiting do we give them a bolus?
yes => signs of dehydration
Morbilliform Eruption?
eruption rash post amoxi + EBV
1st line trying to conceive PCOS
weight loss
if having any form of surgical manageemnt of ectopic what to give
ALWAYS give anti-d for salpingecetomy
umbilical cord prolapse is found in waht type of hydramnios
Polyhydramnios
trachelectomy?
CIn1 + cone biopsy similar procedures
incubation period chicken pox?
21days
head tilt in <12M?
Nah => ensure airway patency neutral position
most common finding of neonatal sepsis
Respiratory distress
prem babies immunisation changes adjustments from prematurity
no changes
=> do injections to chronological age
=> <28 wks than 1st set in hospital due to apnoea risk
milestone calculation
normal milestone + (40 - gestational age)
most common cause pathological neonatal jaundice
biliary atresia
infantile spasm vs colic
infantile spasms the child will become distressed between spasms
colic the child will become distressed during the ‘spasms’
type of intracranial haemorrhage with irritability + convulsions over the first 2 days of life
Subarachnoid: common // irritability + convulsions over the first 2 days of life
undescended tstes mx?
13m (ideally operation <6)
when is PDA closed
1 week delivery
genetic disease common in children with consanguineous parents characterised by fatty substances, gangliosides, build up to toxic levels in the brain and spinal cord and affect the function of the nerve cells
Tay Saches
6 blocks age =>
2 years
9 blocks age =>
3 years
scribbiling age?
18months
weight estimation
(age+4) x 2
