Paeds Knowledge Flashcards
Which scoring systems can be used to determine the severity of an IBD flare?
PUCAI score, Truelove and Witts Severity Score
What is the usual volume for a fluid bolus in children?
10ml/kg
Which investigation is important in suspected meningitis or septic babies?
LP
Which aspects of a neuro exam may be important in babies?
Fontanelle / neck stiffness
Give contraindications to performing an LP.
Signs of raised intracranial pressure
Shock
Unstable convulsions
Spreading purpuric rash
LP with low glucose, high WCC and high protein suggests…
Bacterial meningitis
LP with normal/borderline glucose/protein/WCC suggests..
Viral meningitis
What is the treatment for meningitis in children?
Ceftriaxone + Amox if < 3 months, steroids if > 3 months
Which antibiotic should be given prophylactically to contacts of a child with meningitis?
Ciprofloxacin
What is meant by core paediatrics training?
ST1 - 4
What is meant by specialty paediatrics training?
ST5 - ST7
What is the usual peak of bronchiolitis symptoms?
Day 4/5
How is an acute asthma attack managed in children?
Combinebs, steroids (PO or IV), if serious, magnesium/IV salbutamol
Which medications are in combi-nebs?
Salbutamol and Ipratropium
What is meant by stertor?
Nois breathing - snoring / nasal congestion
How is hypoglycaemia managed in children?
10% glucose solution, 2mls/kg
Give common causes of pyrexia in young children.
Viral illness
Chest infection
UTI
ENT - ear/throat infection
Meningitis
How can fluid status be assessed in children?
Moist mucous membranes
Skin turgor
Assess for sunken eyes
Fontanelle in younger children
Peripheries (temperature etc.)
‘Barking cough’ suggests…
Croup
Croup is caused by…
Parainfluenza virus
What is the usual treatment for croup?
150mcg/kg oral Dex
Sore throat, drooling and stridor suggests…
Epiglottitis
What is the immediate Mx for epiglottitis?
Leave alone, contact anaesthetics/PICU
What are the important aspects of an adolescent history?
Home
Education/Eating
Activities
Drugs
Sexuality
Suicide
Safety
What are the key aspects of DKA management in children?
Rehydration (IV)
Fixed rate insulin infusion
Treat triggers eg. sepsis
Monitor electrolytes and for signs of cerebral oedema
Which risk is associated with rehydration in children with DKA?
Cerebral oedema
