paeds fluids and gases

Question 1

what is the normal fluid bolus for paeds

what is the exception to this rule..

Answer 1

20ml/kg

10ml/kg in dka to avoid cerebral oedema

Question 2

which fluid for maintenance in paeds?

Answer 2

5%dex, 0.9%n.saline

Question 3

which fluid for neonates?

Answer 3

10%dex (don’t need salts..)

Question 4

how can you estimate the weight of a child

Answer 4

(weight + 4) + 2

Question 5

what is the approx maximum fluids given (/day)

Answer 5

120-130 ml/kg/day

Question 6

what is the normal pH in neonates

what should you bear in mind for the baby’s pCO2 and their HCO3

Answer 6

7.25-7.35
some permissive hypercapnia
HCO3 may be high

Question 7

describe the physiological reason behind Kussmaul breathing in DKA

Answer 7

metabolic acidosis

means that body attempts to lower pCO2 by blowing off CO2

Question 8

give some causes of

1. met acidosis
2. met alkalosis
3. resp acidosis
4. resp alkalosis

Answer 8

1. DKA / lactic acidosis / alcohol or salicylate
2. severe asthma /
   3.
   4.

Question 9

what is the equation for the anion gap
what are some causes for a high anion gap
normal anion gap in…?

Answer 9

([K+ + Na+ -HCO3 - Cl-)

lactic acidosis / DKA

GI loss / RT acidosis