Paeds Flashcards
UTI in children
Who should get USS KUB during acute infection
-Child <6 months with recurrent UTI
-Any child with atypical UTI
No response to abx within 48,
Non E Coli UTI,
Sepsis/ poor urine flow/ abdo mass/ raised creatinine
UTI in children
Who should get USS KUB within 6 weeks
-Child <6 months with 1st UTI
-Child older than 6 months with recurrent UTI
UTI in children
Who should get DMSA within 4-6 months
-Child under 3yo with recurrent or atypical UTI
-Child over 3yo with atypical UTI
UTI in children
Who should get micturating cystourethrogram
-Under 6m with atypical or recurrent UTI
(Not needed above 6m old)
UTI in children
Who needs urgent paeds assessment
Under 3m with UTI
(Consider referral with upper UTI or treat with 7-10 days cefalexin)
When to treat UTI
-Positive leukocytes + positive nitrates
-Negative leukocytes + positive nitrates
-Positive leukocytes + negative nitrates
-Positive leukocytes + positive nitrates: treat UTI
-Negative leukocytes + positive nitrates: treat UTI
-Positive leukocytes + negative nitrates: send urine C+S first to confirm
In summary, treat UTI if positive nitrates otherwise confirm on culture first
Which vaccinations are live
- MMR
- Rotavirus
- Oral flu
- Oral typhoid
- Varicella, shingles
- Yellow fever
- BCG
*Chickenpox
Which vaccinations are offered in pregnancy
-Pertussis
-Flu
-RSV
How much weight loss is acceptable in 1st week of life
10%
Inheritance of sickle cell anaemia
AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
In general
Autosomal recessive conditions are ‘metabolic’
- exceptions: inherited ataxias, sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia
Autosomal dominant conditions are ‘structural’
- exceptions: Gilbert’s, hyperlipidaemia type II
When should girls get investigated for delayed puberty
-Absence of breast development by age 13
-Normal breasts but primary amenorrhoea by age 15
Koplik spots are associated with which condition
Measles
Treatment for scabies
Permethrin cream (Lyclear)
Treatment for lice
-Dimeticone
-Malathion
-Wet combing
School exclusion duration with chickenpox
At least 5 days from onset of rash and until all blisters have crusted over
School exclusion duration with measles vs mumps vs rubella
Measles: 4 days from rash onset
Mumps: 5 days from parotid swelling onset
Rubella: 5 days from rash onset
School exclusion duration with scarlet fever
Exclude until 24 hours after starting antibiotic treatment
School exclusion duration with whooping cough (pertussis)
2 days from starting antibiotic treatment, or 14 days from onset of coughing if no antibiotics and feel well enough to return
School exclusion with impetigo
Until lesions are crusted or healed, or 48 hours after starting antibiotic treatment
Inheritance of retinoblastoma
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
In general
Autosomal recessive conditions are ‘metabolic’
- exceptions: inherited ataxias, sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia
Autosomal dominant conditions are ‘structural’
- exceptions: Gilbert’s, hyperlipidaemia type II
Inheritance of Huntington’s
AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT
In general
Autosomal recessive conditions are ‘metabolic’
- exceptions: inherited ataxias, sickle cell anaemia, thalassaemia
Autosomal dominant conditions are ‘structural’
- exceptions: Gilbert’s, hyperlipidaemia type II
Traffic light system -
What temperature is considered RED vs AMBER
RED: Fever >38C in age under 3m
AMBER: Fever >39C in age 3-6m or Fever more than 5 days
Traffic light system -
What respiratory rate is considered RED vs AMBER
RED: RR >60
AMBER: RR >50 up to 12m, RR >40 over 12m
Traffic light system -
What heart rate is considered RED vs AMBER
Tachycardia is all AMBER
<12m: >160bpm
1-2y: >150bpm
2-5y: >140bpm
Inheritance of Cystic Fibrosis
Autosomal recessive
Inheritance of ataxias
Autosomal recessive
Developmental milestones-
When to refer to pades
-doesn’t smile at 10 weeks
-cannot sit unsupported at 12 months
-cannot walk at 18 months
Dose of benpen for meningococcal septicaemia
-Age 1-11m
-Age 1-9yo
-Age 10yo & older
-Age 1-11m: 300mg
-Age 1-9yo: 600mg
-Age 10yo & older: 1200mg
Which congenital infection is associated with deafness
Rubella
Which congenital infection is associated with hydrops fetalis
Parvovirus B19
Asthma in children-
What RR indicates a severe attack
1-5yo: RR >40
>5yo: RR >30
Asthma in children-
What HR indicates a severe attack
1-5yo: HR >140bpm
>5yo: HR >125bpm
Inheritance of Haemophilia A/B
X-linked recessive
(Present in males, females tend to be carriers)
Inheritance of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
X-linked recessive
(Present in males, females tend to be carriers)
Inheritance of colour blindness
X-linked recessive
(Present in males, females tend to be carriers)
