Paeds Flashcards
what is (C)aput (S)uccedaneum
A puffy swelling that occurs on the presenting part and (C)rosses (S)uture lines. this occurs due to pressure on head during birth
What is Cephalohematoma?
haemorrhage between the skull and periosteum - cannot cross suture lines
Duchene’s Muscular dystrophy presentation
Calf hyperplasia and a positive Gowers test (walking the arms up the legs to get up from the floor)
Patent ductus arteriosis Examination findings
Machinery like murmur
heaving apex beat
wide pulse pressure
left sub clavicular thrill
Most common cause of hypothyroidism in children
Autoimmune thyroiditis aka Hashimoto’s
What features are associated with fragile x
Learning difficulties, joint laxity, long thin face and low set ears
What is a common migraine symptom in children
gastrointestinal disturbance eg vomiting
Kernicterus cause
Excess Unconjugated bilirubin
ABO compatiblity
Congenital hypothyroid
Breast milk jaundice
G6pd deficiency
Cause of conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
Biliary atresia
Which bilirubin causes kernicterus and why
Unconjugated - is not water soluble so can cross blood brain barrier
Conjugated is water soluble
Acute otitis media treatment
Oral Amoxicillin
Bacterial tonsillitis cause
Streptococcus pyrogens
Can headlice cause failure to thrive
No
Can cerebral palsy cause failure to thrive
Yes
What does ASQ.3 questionnaire assess
Childhood development
Pathophysiology of hirschprungs
Absence of parasympathetic ganglion cells in the mesenteric plexus
Syndrome associated with hirschprungs
Downs
Waardenburg syndrome
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Causes of delayed meconium passage
Hirschprungs
Cystic fibrosis
Hypothyroid
Paediatric red flags
Rr over 60
Grunting
Severe chest indrawing
Loss of consciousness
No response to social cues
Mottled skin
Loss of skin turgur
Non blanching rash
Neck stiffness
Bulging fontanel
Focal neurological signs
Paeds Fluid bolus calculator
10ml/kg over less than 10 minutes 0.9% NaCl
Paeds maintenance fluid calculator plus fluid type
100ml for first 10kg
50ml for second 10
20mls for more
0.9% NaCl plus glucose
Gross hydrocephalus
intracranial calcifications on MRI
Mother consumed undercooked meat in pregnancy
Name and treatment
Congenital toxoplasmosis
pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine
Torch infections
toxoplasmosis
Syphilis
rubella
CMV
HSV
A 12-year-old boy presents with short stature, a webbed neck, widely spaced nipples, and facial dysmorphism. On cardiac auscultation, a systolic ejection murmur is heard.
what and what abnormality
What cardiac defect
Noonan syndrome
abnormality mutation in ptpn11- autosomal dominant
Pulmonary valve stenosis
A 6-year-old boy is referred for evaluation of short stature, elfin facial features, and developmental delay. On examination, his iris appears to be star-like and blood results show hypercalcaemia.
Which of the following is the most characteristic cardiovascular abnormality associated with this syndrome?
what condition what abnormality what cardiac defect
william syndrome
deletion from chromosome 7, specifically affecting the 7q11.23
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
atypical UTI features
systemically unwell child
small flank mass
poor urine flow
abnormal organism growth
raised creatinine
failure to respond to treatment within 48 hours