GP Flashcards by E Horton

Heart failure symptoms

F - Fatigue
A - Activity limitation
C - Cough (nocturnal)
E - oedema (swelling)
S - Shortness of breath/orthopnoea

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4 Key medications in palliative care

Analgesia

Shortness of breath relief - opioid (diamorphine)

Nausea - hyoscine butylbromide

Agitation - benzodiazepine - mirtazapine
Respiratory secretions - hyoscine butylbromide

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Cushing’s syndrome gold standard test

Low dose dexamethasone suppression test

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What medicine is for hypertension over age 55 without diabetes

Amlodipine (CCB

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What medicine for under 55/diabetes

ACE - ramipril

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Features of end stage heart failure

Frequent hospital admission
Breathless and rest
Low kidney function
Lack of independence with ADL’s

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Rheumatoid arthritis treatment

Methotrexate DMARD

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Progressive conductive hearing loss
Young
Normal tympanic membrane
Negative rinnes, Weber’s lateralised

Otosclerosis

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Most common cause of travellers diarrhoea

Enterotoxigenic e coli

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Vertigo
Worse at night when turning over/on head movement
No hearing loss/tinnitus

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnostic manoeuvre

DiX Hallpike manoeuvre

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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo treatment manoeuvre

Epley Manoeuvre

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3 types of delerium

Hypoactive, hyperactive, mixed

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What medication is prescribed with levidopa

Decarboxylase inhibitor

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Alzheimer’s risk factors

Increased age, family history, downs syndrome, social isolation

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What class of drug as sedative for those with parkinsons

Bezodiazipine

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Long term effects of levidopa

On-off effect
Hallucinations
Dyskinesia

COPD ladder

SABA
LABA
(If steroid responsive ICS, if non responsive LAMA)
Then all 4 and refer

A 65-year-old lady presents to a general practitioner after being diagnosed with Type II diabetes mellitus. On reviewing her notes, you notice a recent blood test shows her EGFR is 20. She has no cardiac history. what is first line management for her?

glipizide (sulfonurea)

which antibiotic for human bites

co-amoxiclav

What does a frax score predict

10 year probably of hip fracture

What is included in a frax score

Age
Sex
Weight
Hight
Previous fracture
Parental hip fracture
Current smoking
Glucocorticoid
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoporosis
Alcohol over 3 units
Femoral neck bone mineral density

First line management of pcos

Weight loss

What medication can cause hyponatremia

Thiazide diretic (indapamide)
SSRI
Carbamazepine
Omeprazole

Which medication can cause atypical fractures

Bisphosphonates - alendronic acid

Erectile dysfunction risk factors

Increased age Diabetes Hypertension Smoking Obesity Anxiety

Erectile dysfunction investigation

Hba1c Testosterone Tfts Psychological assessment Penile Doppler ultrasound

Erectile dysfunction treatment

Sildenafil Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor

Sildenafil complication

Priapism/prolonged erection

Reason for urology referral in erectile dysfunction

Abnormal testicular examination Penile structural abnormality Lifelong history of ED

What type of prevention are antihypertensive medications

Primary - prevent end organ damage before it occurs

Maxwell's dinensions

Accessibility Acceptability Appropriate Efficiency Effectiveness Equity

Gout crystals appearance

Negatively bifringent, needle shaped Made of monosodium urate

Gout risk factors

Obesity, alcoholism, thiazide like diretic use

Acute gout management

NSAID/colchicine

Prophylaxis for gout

Allopurinol Indicated in multiple attacks, diuretic use or renal impairment

5 Extra articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis

Episcleritis Myocarditis Vasculitis Carpel tunnel Anaemia of chronic disease

Radiological features of rheumatoid arthritis

SPADE Soft tissue swelling Periarticular osteoporosis Absent osteophytes Deformity Erosions

Non-pharmaceutical management of rheumatoid arthritis

Range of motion exersices Weight loss Calcium/vitamin D supplements Splints/walking aids

Carpel tunnel treatment

Nsaids Steroid injections Wrist splinting

Causes of septic arthritis

Staphylococcus aureus Neisseria gonorrhoea Streptococcus pyrogens