GP Flashcards
Heart failure symptoms
F - Fatigue
A - Activity limitation
C - Cough (nocturnal)
E - oedema (swelling)
S - Shortness of breath/orthopnoea
4 Key medications in palliative care
Analgesia
Shortness of breath relief - opioid (diamorphine)
Nausea - hyoscine butylbromide
Agitation - benzodiazepine - mirtazapine
Respiratory secretions - hyoscine butylbromide
Cushing’s syndrome gold standard test
Low dose dexamethasone suppression test
What medicine is for hypertension over age 55 without diabetes
Amlodipine (CCB
What medicine for under 55/diabetes
ACE - ramipril
Features of end stage heart failure
Frequent hospital admission
Breathless and rest
Low kidney function
Lack of independence with ADL’s
Rheumatoid arthritis treatment
Methotrexate DMARD
Progressive conductive hearing loss
Young
Normal tympanic membrane
Negative rinnes, Weber’s lateralised
Otosclerosis
Most common cause of travellers diarrhoea
Enterotoxigenic e coli
Vertigo
Worse at night when turning over/on head movement
No hearing loss/tinnitus
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnostic manoeuvre
DiX Hallpike manoeuvre
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo treatment manoeuvre
Epley Manoeuvre
3 types of delerium
Hypoactive, hyperactive, mixed
What medication is prescribed with levidopa
Decarboxylase inhibitor
Alzheimer’s risk factors
Increased age, family history, downs syndrome, social isolation
What class of drug as sedative for those with parkinsons
Bezodiazipine
Long term effects of levidopa
On-off effect
Hallucinations
Dyskinesia
COPD ladder
SABA
LABA
(If steroid responsive ICS, if non responsive LAMA)
Then all 4 and refer
A 65-year-old lady presents to a general practitioner after being diagnosed with Type II diabetes mellitus. On reviewing her notes, you notice a recent blood test shows her EGFR is 20. She has no cardiac history. what is first line management for her?
glipizide (sulfonurea)
which antibiotic for human bites
co-amoxiclav
What does a frax score predict
10 year probably of hip fracture
What is included in a frax score
Age
Sex
Weight
Hight
Previous fracture
Parental hip fracture
Current smoking
Glucocorticoid
Rheumatoid arthritis
Osteoporosis
Alcohol over 3 units
Femoral neck bone mineral density
First line management of pcos
Weight loss
What medication can cause hyponatremia
Thiazide diretic (indapamide)
SSRI
Carbamazepine
Omeprazole
Which medication can cause atypical fractures
Bisphosphonates - alendronic acid
Erectile dysfunction risk factors
Increased age
Diabetes
Hypertension
Smoking
Obesity
Anxiety
Erectile dysfunction investigation
Hba1c
Testosterone
Tfts
Psychological assessment
Penile Doppler ultrasound
Erectile dysfunction treatment
Sildenafil
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor
Sildenafil complication
Priapism/prolonged erection
Reason for urology referral in erectile dysfunction
Abnormal testicular examination
Penile structural abnormality
Lifelong history of ED
What type of prevention are antihypertensive medications
Primary - prevent end organ damage before it occurs
Maxwell’s dinensions
Accessibility
Acceptability
Appropriate
Efficiency
Effectiveness
Equity
Gout crystals appearance
Negatively bifringent, needle shaped
Made of monosodium urate
Gout risk factors
Obesity, alcoholism, thiazide like diretic use
Acute gout management
NSAID/colchicine
Prophylaxis for gout
Allopurinol
Indicated in multiple attacks, diuretic use or renal impairment
5 Extra articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis
Episcleritis
Myocarditis
Vasculitis
Carpel tunnel
Anaemia of chronic disease
Radiological features of rheumatoid arthritis
SPADE
Soft tissue swelling
Periarticular osteoporosis
Absent osteophytes
Deformity
Erosions
Non-pharmaceutical management of rheumatoid arthritis
Range of motion exersices
Weight loss
Calcium/vitamin D supplements
Splints/walking aids
Carpel tunnel treatment
Nsaids
Steroid injections
Wrist splinting
Causes of septic arthritis
Staphylococcus aureus
Neisseria gonorrhoea
Streptococcus pyrogens
