Paeds

Question 1

What service is used for paeds patients requiring critical care transfer?

Answer 1

CATS - Children’s Acute Transport Service

Question 2

What does WETFLAG stand for?

Answer 2

Weight
Energy
Tube ETT
Fluids
Lorazepam
Adrenaline
Glucose

Question 3

Where are common bleeding sites for paediatric trauma?

Answer 3

Chest, abdo, pelvis, long bones, head and scalp

Question 4

What is the dose for PRBC for a paediatric trauma patient?

Answer 4

10-20ml/kg

Question 5

Due to the rarity of major trauma in children, what needs to be taken into consideration?

Answer 5

Human factors and Crew
Resource Management

Question 6

What is the leading cause of death in children more than 1 year of age?

Answer 6

Neuro trauma - disability is common with a profound impact on functional long term outcomes

Question 7

How quickly should a head CT be obtained within?

Answer 7

30 minutes of arrival

Question 8

If getting a CT head on a child proves to be challenging, especially when they are distressed. What could the trauma team decide?

Answer 8

Whether sedation and/or intubation is necessary

Question 9

What is the result of drowning?

Answer 9

Primary respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in a liquid medium

Question 10

What is one of the leading causes of paediatric death globally?

Answer 10

Drowning

Question 11

What is common following drowning and may adversely affect resuscitation?

Answer 11

Hypothermia

Question 12

What happens first after submersion, cardiac problems or cerebral impairment?

Answer 12

Cerebral impairment

Question 13

What is the clinical course of a patient following drowning determined by?

Answer 13

Duration of hypoxic-ischemic time and the adequacy of resuscitation

Question 14

What is the most prevalent cause of trauma in children under 1 year old?

Answer 14

Non-accidental injury

Question 15

When assessing a child what factors do you need to be aware of that could raise concerns for a non-accidental injury?

Answer 15

Trauma without a significant mechanism of injury
Trauma in a pre-mobile child
Excessive bruising and pattern of bruising
Cigarette burns
Bite marks
Injuries to inaccessible areas (neck, ears, hands, feet, buttocks)
Intra-oral trauma (damage to frenulum)
Genital/anal trauma where no clear history of direct trauma is offered

Question 16

Why is it important to get a birth history in children under 1 years old?

Answer 16

Traumatic birth injury can be a reason for limb fractures and fractured clavicles in the neonate. This can be clarified by a precise history and observing the calcification around the fracture site

Question 17

When there are concerns around the presentation of a paediatric trauma patient, who should be contacted?

Answer 17

On-call safeguarding team

Question 18

What is the priority when looking after a paediatric trauma patient?

Answer 18

To act in the best interest of the child, the child’s rights to be protected, respect the rights of the child in terms of confidentiality

Question 19

What organ is most at risk following asphyxiation?

Answer 19

The brain