Paediatrics - Developmental Delay Flashcards
1
Q
Problems with hearing can be split into what two types of problems?
A
- sensorineural
- conductive
2
Q
conductive problems tend to…
A
just reduce volume of sound
3
Q
sensorineural problems tend too..
A
reduce volume and quality of sound.
4
Q
what is the most common cause of congenital sensorineural deafness?
A
cytomegalovirus
5
Q
What is TORCH screen?
A
- group of blood tests
- checks for
1. toxoplasmosis
2. rubella cytomegalovirus
3. herpes simplex
4. HIV
- Syphillis
6
Q
how is congenital CMV treated, if identified early?
A
- ganciclovir
- valganciclovir
- to improve sensorioneural hearing outcomes
7
Q
not walking by what month is a red flag for development?
A
- not walking by 18 months
8
Q
movement is initiated by what cortex in the brain?
A
- motor cortex
- this then descends through corticospinal tracts
- synapses onto lower motor neuron at anterior horn of spinal cord
- then passed via lower motor neuron at the neuromuscular junction to the muscle
9
Q
what is required for the cooridnation of complex movement in thebrian?
A
- feedback from the basal ganglia and cerebellum
10
Q
what investigations should be indicated in a patient with suspected DMD?
A
- Creatine kinase
- DMD associated with elevated CK
- creatine phosphate used to replenish ATP in muscles at times of high energy demand
- creatine kinase catalyses this muscle
- large quantities in blood therefore suggestive of muscle damage of breakdown
