Paediatrics - Child Development

Question 1

Referral Points of Developmental Disorders:
Doesn’t smile at:
Can’t sit unsupported at:
Can’t walk by:

Answer 1

• Doesn’t smile at 10 weeks
• Can’t sit unsupported at 12 months
• Can’t walk by 18 months

Question 2

Fine motor skill problems

Answer 2

hand preference before 12 months is abnormal and may indicate cerebral palsy

Question 3

Gross motor problems

Answer 3

most common causes of problems: variant of normal, cerebral palsy and neuromuscular disorders (e.g. Duchenne muscular dystrophy)

Question 4

Speech and language problems

Answer 4

• always check hearing
• other causes include environmental deprivation and general development delay

Question 5

Gross Motor Skills- 3 months

Answer 5

Little or no head lag on being pulled to sit
Lying on abdomen, good head control
Held sitting, lumbar curve

Question 6

Gross Motor Skills- 6 months

Answer 6

Lying on abdomen, arms extended
Lying on back, lifts and grasps feet
Pulls self to sitting
Held sitting, back straight
Rolls front to back

Question 7

Gross Motor Skills- 7-8 months

Answer 7

Sits without support (Refer at 12 months)

Question 8

Gross Motor Skills- 9 months

Answer 8

Pulls to standing
Crawls

Question 9

Gross Motor Skills- 12 months

Answer 9

Cruises
Walks with one hand held

Question 10

Gross Motor Skills- 13-15 months

Answer 10

Walks unsupported (Refer at 18 months)

Question 11

Gross Motor Skills- 18 months

Answer 11

Squats to pick up a toy

Question 12

Gross Motor Skills- 2 years

Answer 12

Runs
Walks upstairs and downstairs holding on to rail

Question 13

Gross Motor Skills- 3 years

Answer 13

Rides a tricycle using pedals
Walks up stairs without holding on to rail

Question 14

Gross Motor Skills- 4 years

Answer 14

Hops on one leg

Question 15

Fine Motor and Vision - 3 months

Answer 15

Reaches for object
Holds rattle briefly if given to hand
Visually alert, particularly human faces
Fixes and follows to 180 degrees

Question 16

Fine Motor and Vision - 6 months

Answer 16

Holds in palmar grasp
Pass objects from one hand to another
Visually insatiable, looking around in every direction

Question 17

Fine Motor and Vision - 9 months

Answer 17

Points with finger
Early pincer

Question 18

Fine Motor and Vision - 12 months

Answer 18

Good pincer grip
Bangs toys together

Question 19

Fine Motor and Vision Bricks : 15 months

Answer 19

Tower of 2

Question 20

Fine Motor and Vision Bricks - 18 months

Answer 20

Tower of 3

Question 21

Fine Motor and Vision Bricks - 2 years

Answer 21

Tower of 6

Question 22

Fine Motor and Vision Bricks - 3 years

Answer 22

Tower of 9

Question 23

Fine Motor and Vision Drawing - 18 months

Answer 23

Circular scribble

Question 24

Fine Motor and Vision Drawing - 2 years

Answer 24

Copies vertical line

Question 25

Fine Motor and Vision Drawing - 3 years

Answer 25

Copies circle

Question 26

Fine Motor and Vision Drawing - 4 years

Answer 26

Copies cross

Question 27

Fine Motor and Vision Drawing - 5 years

Answer 27

Copies square and triangle

Question 28

Fine Motor and Vision Books - 15 months

Answer 28

Looks at book, pats page

Question 29

Fine Motor and Vision Books - 18 months

Answer 29

Turns pages several at a time

Question 30

Fine Motor and Vision Books - 2 years

Answer 30

Turns pages one at a time

Question 31

Speech and Hearing - 3 months

Answer 31

Quietens to parents voice Turns towards sound Squeals

Question 32

Speech and Hearing - 6 months

Answer 32

Double syllables 'adah', 'erleh'

Question 33

Speech and Hearing - 9 months

Answer 33

Says 'mama' and 'dada' Understands 'no'

Question 34

Speech and Hearing - 12 months

Answer 34

Knows and responds to own name

Question 35

Speech and Hearing - 12 months

Answer 35

Knows and responds to own name

Question 36

Speech and Hearing - 12-15 months

Answer 36

Knows about 2-6 words (Refer at 18 months) Understands simple commands - 'give it to mummy'

Question 37

Speech and Hearing - 2 years

Answer 37

Combine two words Points to parts of the body

Question 38

Speech and Hearing - 2.5 years

Answer 38

Vocabulary of 200 words

Question 39

Speech and Hearing - 3 years

Answer 39

Talks in short sentences (e.g. 3-5 words) Asks 'what' and 'who' questions Identifies colours Counts to 10 (little appreciation of numbers though)

Question 40

Speech and Hearing - 4 years

Answer 40

Asks 'why', 'when' and 'how' questions

Question 41

Social Behaviour and Play - 6 weeks

Answer 41

Smiles (Refer at 10 weeks)

Question 42

Social Behaviour and Play - 3 months

Answer 42

Laughs Enjoys friendly handling

Question 43

Social Behaviour and Play - 6 months

Answer 43

Not shy

Question 44

Social Behaviour and Play - 9 months

Answer 44

Shy Takes everything to mouth

Question 45

Feeding - 6 months

Answer 45

May put hand on bottle when being fed

Question 46

Feeding - 12 -15 months

Answer 46

Drinks from cup + uses spoon, develops over 3 month period

Question 47

Feeding - 2 years

Answer 47

Competent with spoon, doesn't spill with cup

Question 48

Feeding - 3 years

Answer 48

Spoon and fork

Question 49

Feeding - 5 years

Answer 49

Knife and fork

Question 50

Dressing - 12-15 months

Answer 50

Helps getting dressed/undressed

Question 51

Dressing - 18 months

Answer 51

Takes off shoes, hat but unable to replace

Question 52

Dressing - 2 years

Answer 52

Puts hat and shoes on

Question 53

Dressing - 4 years

Answer 53

Can dress and undress independently except for laces and buttons

Question 54

Play - 9 months

Answer 54

Plays 'peek-a-boo'

Question 55

Play - 12 months

Answer 55

Waves 'bye-bye' Plays 'pat-a-cake'

Question 56

Play - 18 months

Answer 56

Plays contentedly alone

Question 57

Play - 2 years

Answer 57

Plays near others, not with them

Question 58

Play - 4 years

Answer 58

Plays with other children