Paediatrics Flashcards
eczema definition
chronic relapsing inflammatory skin condition
eczema examination
> 2 years
itchy rash: flexural +/- scaly rash / blisters
Fx: atopic asthma
eczema management
A void triggers
B land moisturisers (emollients)
C orticosteroids
(LT steroids > skin thinning ie. avoid on face + v dose)
functional constipation pathophysiology
uncomfortable defecation: social event / poor toiling habits > uncoordinated musc contraction
functional constipation presentation
abdo pain poor appetite post prandial fullness squatting / arching back (uncomfortable positions) faecal soiling
functional constipation management
disimpact
diet education
f/u for next 2 years
congenital bowel obstruction presentation
x meconium (48 hrs) x therapeutic effect of laxatives / stool softeners vom: green bile slow to feed slow development
physical bowel obstruction presentation
eg. cancer / strictures
previous ability to pass stool
abdo pain etc.
viral wheeze definition
spectrum of LRTIs - viral LRTI - recurrent viral induced wheeze - bronchiolitis = common in first 2 years of life (will grow out within 6 years)
osgood schlatters definition
overuse syndrome - athletic adolescents during growth spurt
> traction apophysitis of trivial tubercle
osgood schlagers presentation
pain
swelling
tenderness of tibial tubercule
osgood schlagter management
conservative (non-surgical) + activity mods
PRICE
PT
perthe’s disease presentation
pain: hip, groin, thigh, knee (ref)
limited hip rotation
systemically well
perthe’s disease pathophysiology
AVN to femoral epiphysis
perthe’s disease management
conservative + salvage supply
slipped upper femoral epiphysis presentation
BL hip pain
RF = obesity, endocrine disorder
> abnormal Klein line
SUFE management
surgical (screws)
toddler diarrhoea presentation
chronic non-specific
> 2 movements per day
+/- mild abdo pain
+ poor diet
toddler diarrhoea management
self-limiting BUT
educate parents re diet
nb. DD = infection, intolerance, IBD, coeliac disease
threadworms presentation
school age children asymptomatic perianal pruritus erythema 'wiggly' white lines on poo
threadworms pathogen
enterobius veermicularis
aka pinworm
threadworms management
mebendazole (1 now, 1 two weeks later)
hygiene adv
gord presentation
freq regurg of feeds XS crying hoarseness chronic cough unusual resting positions
gord management
typically grow out of it (immature hiatus hernia)
adv on feeding technique / position / freq
rule out trigger foods
gaviscon + thickened foods + PPI
