Dermatology Flashcards
BCC features
slow growing locally invasive malignant tumor of epidermal keratinocytes
most common malignant skin tumor
BCC RFs
UV exposure ^ age M gender frequent sunburns skin type I genetic predisposition immunosuppression PMx of skin cancer
BCC presentation
nodular superficial sclerosing keratotic cystic pigmented \+/- surface telangiectasia pealy rolled edge \+/- necrotic / ulcerated centre
BCC management
2WW referral
surgical excision
BCC complications
local tissue invasion / destruction
SCC features
locally invasive malignant tumor of epithelial keratinocytes and its appendages and has the ability to metastasise
SCC RFs
UV exposure
immunosuppression
pre-malignant conditions eg. actinic keratosis
chronic inflammation (leg ulcers / wound scars)
genetic predisposition
SCC presentation
keratotic
ill defined nodule
+/- ulceration
SCC management
2WW ref
surgical excision
radiotherapy (for large, non-resectable tumors)
Melanoma features
invasive malignant tumor of epithelial melanocytes which has the potential to metastasise
Melanoma RFs
UV exposure freq sunburn skin type I Fx in first degree Hx of melanoma > 100 moles / atypical naevus syndromes
Melanoma presentation
Asymmetrical Border irregular Color irregular (dark / non-uniform) Diameter > 6mm Evolution of lesion (change in colour, shape, border etc.) Symptoms inc. bleeding / itching more common on legs in W, trunk on M
Melanoma management
2WW + biopsy
wide local excision +/- radiotherapy
chemotherapy for metastases
Melanoma prognosis
90% survival rate in 10 years in England and Wales
Eczema presentation
common in children
itchy papules and weepy exudate formation
dry scaly
erythematous / grey / brown
+/- hypopigmentation / hyperpigmentation
+/- lichenification
+/- nail changes (pitting / ridges)
+ PMx / Fx of atopy (asthma, hayfever, allergic rhinitis)
Eczema management
avoid triggers (infection, sweat, stress, heat, allergens, alkaline products eg. cement - occupational)
change hygiene habits
topical steroids / immune modulatory (tacrolimus)
disease modifying drugs for remission
antihistamines for sx relief
phototherapy
immunosuppressants
Superficial spreading melanoma
most common melanoma
limited to lower limbs
associated with intermittent UV exposure
nodular melanoma
common on trunk
related to intermittent UV exposure
lentigo maligna melanoma
common on face
common in elderly
related to LT cumulative UV exposure
aural lentiginous melanoma
common on palsy, soles, nail beds
common in elderly population
no clear UV exposure relation
