Paediatrics Flashcards
Most common malignancy affecting children:
Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Asthma attack in children: what should be given as well as bronchodilator therapy:
For how long:
Steroid therapy
3-5 days
ADHD
Last resort but first line therapy:
Only given over the age of:
How long is it given for?
Potential side effect of these drugs:
Methylphenidate
5
6 week trial
Cardiotoxic - perform baseline ECG before starting treatment
Seizures which typically occur at night
Typically partial - secondary generalisation may occur
Benign rolandic epilepsy
Slapped cheek disease: Also known as:
Caused by:
Scarlet fever: Caused by:
Giveaway sign:
Hand, foot and mouth disease: Caused by:
Erythema infectiosum ->Parvovirus B19
Group A streptococcus
Strawberry tongue and sandpaper rash
Coxsackie A16
Microcephalic, small eyes
Cleft lip/palate
Polydactyly
Scalp lesions
Patau syndrome
Micrognathia
Low-set ears
Rocker bottom feet
Overlapping of fingers
Edward’s Syndrome
Learning difficulties
Macrocephaly
Long face
Large ears
Macro-orchidism
Fragile X syndrome
Webbed neck
Pectus excavatum
Short stature
Pulmonary stenosis
Noonan Syndrome
Hypotonia
Hypogonadism
Obesity
Prader Willi (Harvey Price) syndrome
Short stature
Learning difficulties
Friendly, extrovert personality
Transient neonatal hypercalcaemia
Supravalvular aortic stenosis
William’s syndrome
Characteristic cry (hence the name) due to larynx and neurological problems
Feeding difficulties and poor weight gain
Learning difficulties
Microcephaly and micrognathism
Hypertelorism
Cri Du Chat
What is the most common septal defect in children
Most common causes of cyanotic congenital heart defects:
Which test may be used to differentiate between cardiac and non-cardiac causes of cyanosis
Management of suspected cardiac cause of cyanosis:
What is acrocyansosis?
VSD (adults more common to have ASD)
Tetralogy of fallot
Transposition of the great arteries
Tricuspid atresia
Nitrogen washout test
prostaglandin E1 e.g. alprostadil
maintains patent ductus arteriosus.
-> acts as a holding measure until a definite diagnosis is made and surgical correction performed
Normal cyanosis around mouth and in extremities in babies. occurs immediately after birth which differentiates it from pathology
patients less than XX years old may consent to treatment if they are deemed to be competent, but cannot refuse treatment which may be deemed in their best interest.
between the ages of XX-YY years it is presumed patients are competent to give consent to treatment
patients ZZ years or older may consent to treatment or refuse treatment
16
16-18
18
Referral points for missed mile stones:
Referral points
doesn’t smile at 10 weeks
cannot sit unsupported at 12 months
cannot walk at 18 months
